What is vector control? Characteristics of vector control

What does vector control mean?

Vector control is a high-precision motor control technology that can achieve precise control of motor torque, speed and position. The motor controller based on vector control technology can accurately adjust the motor's current, voltage and frequency to achieve optimal performance and efficiency.

The principle of vector control is to convert the magnetic field generated by the three-phase AC motor into the x and y components of the magnetic flux in a rectangular coordinate system, and then control the motor torque and speed by changing the relative size and phase angle of the two components. In this way, precise control of the motor can be achieved, improving its performance and efficiency.

Vector control is to control the excitation current and torque current of the asynchronous motor by measuring and controlling the stator current vector of the asynchronous motor according to the principle of magnetic field orientation, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the torque of the asynchronous motor. Specifically, the stator current vector of the asynchronous motor is decomposed into the current components that generate the magnetic field.

The excitation current (excitation current) and the current component that produces torque (torque current) are controlled separately, and the amplitude and phase between the two components are controlled at the same time, that is, the stator current vector is controlled, so this control method is called vector control.

Characteristics of vector control

Vector control technology is a high-precision and high-efficiency motor control method with the following characteristics:

1. Precise control: Vector control technology can achieve precise control of the motor's current, voltage and frequency, thereby achieving precise control of the motor's torque, speed, position and other motion parameters, giving the system high-precision control capabilities.

2. High efficiency: Vector control technology can achieve efficient control of the motor. By accurately controlling the motor's current, voltage, frequency and other parameters, it reduces energy consumption, improves the energy efficiency of the system, and avoids the energy waste problem that occurs in traditional control methods.

3. Strong adaptability: Vector control technology has strong adaptability to different loads, which can ensure that the motor runs stably under various complex load conditions, and can adjust the control parameters of the motor in real time according to changes in load, making the system highly flexible and reliable.

4. Fast response speed: Vector control technology can calculate the motion parameters of the motor in real time, has a fast response speed, and can achieve high-speed dynamic response, making it suitable for application fields that require high-speed dynamic response.

In short, vector control technology is a high-performance, high-precision motor control technology that is widely used in various industrial fields and is constantly developing and improving.