Detailed explanation of LY structure, a hybrid vehicle structure principle that changes the current energy structure

At present, electric vehicles are the development trend, while hybrid vehicles are not optimistic. There are three types of hybrid vehicle structures: series, parallel and hybrid. Among them, the extended-range hybrid can only be a series structure, while the parallel and hybrid structures can be applied to both ordinary hybrid and plug-in hybrid. See Appendix 1 for details.

This article introduces a new electric vehicle structure that can solve the current problems of most electric vehicles, such as range anxiety, difficulty in charging, and grid impact. If the idea in this article can be realized, fossil energy such as oil will be eliminated from the human energy stage within 10 years. Cars will also be cheaper. This electric vehicle structure has never been reported before, and this article is original. For everyone to use.

This electric vehicle structure is temporarily called the lightyear structure (lightyear structure, referred to as LY structure)

1.1 Lightyear hybrid car principle

In the future, Lightyear hybrid vehicles (hereinafter referred to as LY hybrid vehicles) will completely replace fuel vehicles due to their outstanding performance and more environmentally friendly power sources, and LY structures will become the main structure of electric vehicles.

1.1.1 Introduction to the Principle of Single-motor LY Hybrid Vehicle

Figure 1 Single-motor LY hybrid vehicle

As shown in Figure 1, the LY single motor structure is a pure electric vehicle driven by an engine and a generator. The motor is a 130KW motor with a combined power of 130KW. The motor provides acceleration thrust and forward and backward power when the vehicle is driving. When the vehicle stops, the generator is driven by external force to charge in reverse. It can also be charged quickly or slowly by the charging port (fast charging 40KW). The motor can generate electricity or charge at the charging port, either or both can be charged at the same time. The maximum charging power is 130+40=170KW. The benefit of this structure is that it can be charged to 80% in 8 minutes (battery capacity is 25KWH).

1.1.2 Dual-motor LY hybrid vehicle

Figure 2 Dual-motor LY hybrid vehicle

As shown in Figure 2, the LY dual-motor structure is an enhanced version of a dual-motor driven pure electric vehicle.

Motor A is a 55KW motor and generator, with a power generation capacity of 20 to 55KW. Motor A provides acceleration thrust when rotating forward, and is used as a generator when driven by external force to reverse. This can be achieved through a simple transmission coupling structure.

Motor B is a 75KW main drive motor that drives the rear wheels. Motor B can meet the maximum vehicle speed of 100KM/H when a single motor is running.

When the car stops, the mechanical transmission system provides power to the motor A to generate electricity. The maximum power generation is 55KW, and it takes about half an hour to fully charge a 25KWH battery. The power can also be fed back to the grid through the charging port to achieve reverse charging.

In the absence of external power, fast charging or slow charging can be performed through the 55KW charging port. Or both can be charged at the same time. The maximum charging power is 110KW. It takes 10 minutes to charge to 80%.

The LY hybrid vehicle can place a fuel gas engine in the front cabin to provide power for engine A, with a power generation capacity of 20KW to 55KW. As a range extender. When the car needs high power such as acceleration and climbing, the range extender stops working. Motor A provides thrust for the car. The range extender engine and fuel are provided by the refueling and charging station. The frequency conversion control system of motor A is a frequency converter with inverter power. After power generation, the electrical energy is stored in the battery, or directly provided to motor B.

Assuming that the battery life of this model is 160km, the vehicle weighs 1.2 tons, consumes 13kwh per 100km, and the battery pack is set at 26 kwh. With the built-in fuel engine range extension and 40L fuel, it takes 2 hours to use up the battery for 160km. The generator generates 40kwh of electricity. In the range extension mode, the fuel consumption per 100km is converted to 8L, and the total mileage is over 660km. This solves the range anxiety problem.

LY Hybrid Truck

Trucks have a large load and high power consumption. The problem of difficulty in charging is particularly prominent. For LY hybrid trucks, each wheel is driven by a separate motor. Each motor has the functions of an electric motor and a generator. It also has one or more range-extending engines. The advantage of this structure is that it can quickly store and use energy in a short time.

LY Hybrid Vehicle Definition

In summary, LY hybrid vehicles can be any combination of multi-motor drive or multi-motor and engine. Electric vehicles with different body structures, vehicle uses, and drive transmission methods can generate electricity by mechanical transmission. This type of structure is called LY structure. The characteristics of LY structure hybrid vehicles are that they can quickly realize energy conversion, storage and use. Author Liang Yun minimizes the weight of the vehicle body, and each body component can be fully and repeatedly used during driving, acceleration, deceleration, charging and discharging. LY hybrid vehicles mainly use environmentally friendly energy as their power source.

The structure of Lightyear is very simple. It is actually an enhanced version of a pure electric vehicle driven by dual motors.

Motor A is a 55KW motor and generator, with a power generation capacity of 5~37KW. Motor A provides acceleration thrust when rotating forward, and is used as a generator when driven by external force to reverse. This can be achieved through a simple flywheel structure.

Motor B is a 75KW main drive motor that drives the rear wheels. Motor B can meet the maximum vehicle speed of 100KM/H when a single motor is running.

When there is no fuel engine, the lightyear structure provides power to motor A through the mechanical transmission system when the car stops, driving motor A to generate electricity. The maximum power generation is 37KW, and it takes about one hour to fully charge with fast charging. While generating electricity, it can also feed back electricity to the power grid through the charging port to achieve reverse charging. In the absence of external power, it can also be fast charged or slow charged through the charging port. It is no different from ordinary electric vehicles.

The lightyear structure also places a fuel engine in the front cabin to provide power for engine A, with a power generation capacity of 20KW~5KW. It is used as a range extender. When the car needs high power such as acceleration and climbing, the range extender stops working. Motor A provides thrust for the car. The range extender can be made into four specifications: 5KW, 10KW, 15KW, and 20KW. The range extender engine is provided by the gas station. The power specification to be selected is determined according to the driving distance. The frequency conversion control system of motor A is a frequency converter with inverter power. After generating electricity, the electrical energy is stored in the battery. Or it directly provides electrical energy to motor B.

Assuming that the battery life of this model is 200 km, the power consumption per 100 km is 14 degrees, and the battery pack is set at 35 degrees. In the case of a self-contained fuel engine, it takes 3 hours to use up the power of 200 km. The generator generates 20*3=60 degrees. The total mileage is more than 600 km. This can solve the problem of range anxiety.

Assuming that all 200 million cars in China (including passenger and commercial vehicles) are replaced with lightyear electric vehicles, the average power generation of each car is 37KW. Then 200 million x 37KW = 7.4 billion KW. At present, China's total installed power generation capacity does not exceed 2.5 billion KW. This is equivalent to a 3-fold increase in China's installed power generation capacity.

Of course, even if we have a generator, it is still useless without a power source. Nature has given mankind a selfless gift, biomass energy. It is estimated that the total amount of biomass generated by photosynthesis alone on the earth each year reaches 1440-1800 billion tons (dry weight), and its energy is about 3-8 times the total energy consumption of the world in the early 1990s. The utilization rate of biomass is less than 3%. China has about 2 billion tons of livestock manure, 800 million tons of straw, and the total amount of agricultural and forestry waste far exceeds 10 billion tons. Assume that each car consumes 50 degrees of electricity per day. 1 ton (dry organic matter content 15%) of food waste produces 80-120 cubic meters of biogas (methane concentration is 60-65), and each cubic meter of biogas generates about 2 degrees of electricity. That is to say, 1 ton (dry organic matter content 15%) can provide electricity for about 4 electric vehicles a day. Assuming that one-tenth of the country's cars use biogas to generate electricity, 20 million/4=0.05 billion tons. The daily demand for organic matter is 5 million tons, and the annual demand is about 1.825 billion tons.

Assume that Car Owner A lives in a rural area and has 1 ton of biomass to be put into a biogas digester every day. The investment cost of the biogas digester and 20KW biogas engine is 100,000 yuan, and he has a lightyear electric car (purchase price 120,000 yuan). The total investment is within 220,000 yuan.

Car owner A drives during the day and uses the lightyear car to generate electricity at night. The power generation time is 12 hours, generating 240 degrees of electricity. 50 degrees of electricity are used by the owner. 190 degrees are used to generate electricity for the grid, and the grid price is 0.69 yuan. The daily income is about 130 yuan. The annual income is 47,450 yuan. It is expected to recover all costs in 5 years. The system design life is expected to be 10 years.