Looking at the “Three Types and Two Networks” from Four Perspectives

At the two sessions this year, State Grid Corporation of China proposed the strategic goal of "three types, two networks, and world-class", that is, aiming at world-class, building hub-type, platform-type and sharing-type enterprises, and building and operating a strong smart grid and ubiquitous power Internet of Things. The proposal of this goal is an important measure to implement the central deployment and give full play to the leading role of central enterprises, and it is also an inevitable requirement to adapt to changes and challenges in the internal and external situation.

Looking at the "Three Types and Two Networks" from the perspective of "supply-side" structural reform

The connotation of "supply-side" structural reform is innovation-driven, which not only refers to technological innovation, but also includes innovation in business models.

Kou Wei, Chairman of State Grid Corporation of China, proposed: Taking supply-side structural reform as the main line, strengthen technological innovation, management innovation and business model innovation, and remove the institutional and mechanism barriers that restrict the company's efficiency improvement. Judging from the economic data released by the National Bureau of Statistics in recent years, China's GDP growth rate has been low, from 6.7% in 2016 to 6.8% in 2017 and 6.6% in 2018. At present, China's economy is at a turning point, and the driving force of growth will shift from the demand side to the supply side. The Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of 2018 made a scientific judgment that my country's economic operation must adhere to the supply-side structural reform as the main line and remain unshakable.

The connotation of the "supply-side" structural reform is innovation-driven. It not only refers to technological innovation, but also includes innovation in business models. First of all, the implementation of the "three types and two networks" strategy has built a technological innovation platform, and various new technologies, new methods, and new theories have found a broad place to use. The promotion and application of advanced technologies such as data science, artificial intelligence, 5G, and the Internet of Things have enabled the strong smart grid that carries the power flow and the ubiquitous power Internet of Things that carries the data flow to complement each other and develop in an integrated manner, jointly forming an energy Internet that integrates energy flow, business flow, and data flow, and forming a powerful technological innovation platform. In addition, modern energy Internet companies with the "three types" of hub, platform, and sharing have built a broad platform for business model innovation. The hub-type characteristics of power grids promote clean, low-carbon, environmentally friendly and efficient use of energy, providing an efficient transmission channel for electricity coming from "far away" and "nearby"; the platform-type enterprise characteristics promote supply and demand docking, factor reorganization, and integrated innovation, creating energy allocation platforms, comprehensive service platforms, and new business, new business forms, and new model development platforms, connecting producers and consumers together to drive the common development of the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain; the characteristics of shared enterprises will attract more social capital and various market players to participate in the construction and value mining of the energy Internet, create an energy Internet ecosystem of co-construction, co-governance, and win-win, and continuously improve the operating efficiency of state-owned capital.

Looking at the “Three Types and Two Networks” from the perspective of changes in power demand and supply

The power grid no longer has a single transmission function in the traditional sense, but has added multiple social elements and assumed more social responsibilities.

The change in the structure of electricity consumption is the "barometer" and "weather vane" of economic operation. In 2018, China's total electricity consumption was 6844.9 billion kWh, an increase of 8.5% year-on-year, 1.9 percentage points higher than the previous year. The main reasons for the rapid growth in electricity consumption are three aspects worthy of attention: first, the service industry continues to grow rapidly; second, new momentum for electricity consumption is gradually taking shape, high-tech manufacturing, strategic emerging industries and other industries are growing rapidly, and emerging industries have become a new driving force for electricity growth; third, the promotion of electricity substitution in the fields of industry, transportation, and residents' lives has achieved obvious results. At the same time, the supply-side structure is also changing, and the total electricity substitution in the society is also growing. In 2018, the total electricity substitution in my country increased by 23% compared with the previous year, and it is still growing rapidly. From the perspective of power generation structure, it is no longer just coal-fired power. Clean power such as wind power, photovoltaics, hydropower, and nuclear power has accounted for 30%. The hub role of a strong power grid in energy collection, transmission, conversion and utilization has promoted energy transformation, clean and low-carbon, safe and efficient energy, and played an important role in meeting the growing demand for electricity, solving the safe access of clean energy such as wind, light and water, supporting the effective grid connection of intermittent distributed power sources, and solving the difficulties in the coordinated utilization of distributed power sources.

In addition, the demands of electricity consumers are becoming more diversified. In addition to the requirements for clean energy and low-carbon environmental protection, the requirements for the comfort of the living environment are also getting higher and higher. In addition to the expectation of improving energy efficiency, there is also a demand for the right to know about electricity use. The power grid is no longer a single transmission function in the traditional sense, but has added a variety of social elements, carrying a variety of data information, and assuming more social responsibilities. It is imperative to build a "ubiquitous power Internet of Things". Through front-end information perception, support data collection and specific business development. Through the extensive application of advanced technologies such as big data and cloud computing, multi-information fusion analysis is carried out to provide information and decision-making support for power users, power grid production and operation, new business and new model development, and enterprise ecological environment construction.

Looking at the “Three Types and Two Networks” from the perspective of the new economy

The new economy is a sharing economy. The deep integration of smart grids and ubiquitous energy Internet is an important platform for the sharing economy to realize its value.

The core technology foundation of the new economy includes the Internet, big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things, intelligence, sensor technology, etc. The new economy has now expanded from the level of technological change to all dimensions of enterprise operation and industrial integration, releasing tremendous energy to promote industrial integration, economic transformation and upgrading, and social change and progress. The basic form of the new economy is "Internet +". The essence of the new economy is to combine and connect unlimited supply and demand, production factors and unlimited markets in a timely manner through information technologies such as the Internet, the Internet of Things, and mobile smart terminals, with the help of cloud computing capabilities, thereby generating new products, new services, new formats, and new models.

The new economy is a green economy, and low-carbon and environmental protection are important goals for the development of the new economy. The strategic positioning of power grid enterprises as hub enterprises is to promote the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, and provide safe, high-quality and sustainable energy and electricity supply for economic and social development and people's better life; the new economy is an open economy, and inclusiveness and learning from others are the basic paths for the development of the new economy. The strategic positioning of power grid enterprises as sharing enterprises is to establish the concept of openness, cooperation and win-win, actively and orderly promote investment and market opening, attract more social capital and various market players to participate in the construction and value mining of the energy Internet, drive the common development of the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, and create an energy Internet ecosystem of co-construction, co-governance and win-win; the new economy is a sharing economy, and multi-party win-win is achieved in sharing. Multi-party development is an inexhaustible driving force for the development of the new economy. The strategic positioning of power grid enterprises as platform enterprises is to use the energy Internet as a support, the company's brand reputation as a guarantee, gather various resources, build energy configuration platforms, comprehensive service platforms and new business, new formats and new model development platforms, and make platform value development an important way to cultivate the company's core competitive advantages. The sharing economy is an important area of ​​the new economy. Its rise is due to the widespread popularization of Internet technology. It usually relies on the Internet platform to match manufacturers and consumers through the supply and demand relationship. Through the sharing economy, on the one hand, those who provide shared resources can get rewards, and on the other hand, the sharers can use other people's idle resources to create value, which greatly reduces the cost of idle resource transactions between the supply and demand sides of the market. The deep integration of smart grid and ubiquitous energy Internet is an important platform for the sharing economy to play its value. Distributed renewable energy (such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, geothermal energy, etc.) is collected in various scattered locations and shared through smart grids. They are both power generators and electricity users. The antagonistic relationship between buyers and sellers in energy supply and demand will be replaced by an equal cooperative relationship between producers and consumers. With the continuous advancement and deepening of reform, the conditions for the development of the energy Internet sharing economy model will become more and more sufficient.