Application of embedded technology in reservoir information intelligent system

[System Overview]
The water conservancy industry is an industry with a very long history and is also an industry with high information density. The water conservancy department should provide a large amount of water conservancy information to the country and related industries, such as flood and drought information, water quantity and quality information, water environment information and water engineering information. As the most basic project of the water conservancy system, the intelligent construction of reservoirs is the foundation of water conservancy informatization. There are many old reservoirs in China that have been in operation for more than 20 years. The equipment and management of power stations are relatively old. With the rapid development of computer and information technology, the use of new technologies and new equipment to modernize the equipment and management of the entire reservoir and carry out intelligent construction of reservoirs can further tap the potential of reservoirs and enhance the reliability of reservoir operation. The establishment of an intelligent reservoir system will greatly improve the accuracy of rain, water, engineering, drought and disaster information collection and the timeliness of transmission, make timely and accurate predictions and forecasts, formulate flood control and drought relief scheduling plans, and provide scientific basis for the decision-making of higher-level departments. Wireless SOC development platform 499 yuan S3C44B0 ARM7 development board 378 yuan S3C2410 ARM9 development board 780 yuan AT91SAM7S64 ARM7 MCU development board king - ELITE -I MCU learning and development system 1200 yuan S3C2410 ARM9 development board (II) 950 yuan EPM1270T144C CPLD development board 480 yuan [System composition] 1. Overview The reservoir information system is mainly composed of hydropower station automation monitoring system, dam safety automation monitoring system, water condition telemetry system, office automation system, reservoir optimization dispatching system, gate monitoring system, image monitoring system, Web comprehensive information release system, etc. The subsystems are integrated through the computer network system to realize data sharing and collaborative work between systems to provide an information access platform. Realize system resource sharing based on LAN (such as printers, hard disk resources, document sharing, etc.). The use of database management technology to centrally process information combined with Web technology applications, the development of a Web-based comprehensive information release system based on B/S mode, can conveniently and intuitively allow users to obtain information from various systems. By building fiber optic channels, wireless access, DDN dedicated lines and other methods to access the Internet, it is possible to timely obtain meteorological information, satellite cloud maps and other professional information, and provide an information query platform for the superior competent department in the form of Web, and mobile office can also be realized. 2. Introduction to each subsystem 2.1 Hydropower station automation monitoring system The overall design of the hydropower station is based on the principle of computer monitoring as the main and simple conventional control as the auxiliary. Full attention is paid to the coordination and cooperation between the computer monitoring system and various conventional control equipment. The entire monitoring system is put into use simultaneously with the power generation equipment of the power plant. After completion, it can meet the requirements of unmanned duty and less manned duty. Simple conventional control can be used as an operational standby when the communication between the main control level and the on-site control unit is interrupted (or the main control station fails). It directly acts on the local control unit through a cable, and the local unit has the on-duty conditions for the operating personnel to perform conventional control. The monitoring system is highly reliable and adopts a hierarchical distributed open system, which is convenient for the expansion of functions and hardware and can fully protect the user's investment. The modular and structured design of the software makes the system more adaptable to the increase of functions and the expansion of scale. It has good real-time performance and strong anti-interference ability. The human-machine interface is powerful and easy to operate. 2.2 Dam safety automation monitoring system This system is a distributed network structure. It is mainly composed of a front-end machine (using an industrial computer), a central controller (CCU), a field measurement control unit (MCU), sensors and a communication network. The MCU is placed in the observation room and connected to the sensor. The industrial computer, as the central node of the network, is connected to each MCU by the RS485 bus to complete the subsystem operation control and the connection with the upper-level network system. The measurement control unit in the system can automatically perform timed data collection on the sensor according to the preset time, send the collected data to the industrial computer and save it in the memory of the MCU; it can also execute random collection commands sent by the industrial computer to collect data from any sensor. The system operator can view current or historical data at will at the dispatch center workstation, and use tools such as graphics, reports or analysis software to further analyze and process the state of the dam. System Function Introduction 1 Data Collection Function (1) Random Data Collection (Response) Mode a. Automatically collect all sensor data b. Select to collect a certain type of sensor data by sensor type c. Select to collect a certain MCU sensor data by MCU node (slave station) number d. Select to collect a certain sensor data by sensor number (single supplementary measurement) (2) Automatic Data Collection (Self-reporting) Mode Each MCU automatically patrols and detects each sensor data in a pre-set manner and sends it to the front-end (industrial computer). The main functions are as follows: a. The front-end (industrial computer) calibrates the MCU clock; b. The front-end (industrial computer) sets the data collection cycle and collection points; c. The MCU self-reports the sampling data; d. The front-end (industrial computer) checks the self-reported data. If there is data that has not been received within 10 days, it can re-obtain data from the MCU; e. Clear the MCU data area. 2 Real-time display of data acquisition function Display the overall appearance of the monitoring system, monitoring layout and sensor distribution map Click the sensor position in the distribution map with the mouse to perform data acquisition, and view various information of the measuring point, including measuring point number, instrument type, buried location, parameters, etc.; can display the quantity, process curve, distribution map and various related maps of each monitoring value in real time through graphical interface and table mode; provide alarm status display window and graded alarm function; 3 Data analysis and processing function Perform error processing and reorganization calculation on various monitoring data of the dam; call historical data, compare the maximum and minimum values, and immediately alarm for over-limit values; data that cannot be automatically measured, such as surface measuring point data of the external deformation of the dam body, can be manually entered into the database; database data can be manually entered, modified and deleted (subject to operator authority restrictions); automatically collected data can be selected as "save to disk" or "not save to disk"; with data query function, users can query various historical data according to query conditions. For example: the historical data of a certain piezometer at a certain reservoir water level; 4 Report and graphic functions With report printing function, it can automatically print daily, monthly or annual reports according to the selected date, time period and sensor probe;















































Graphic function, can automatically generate various pressure and seepage process lines according to date, time period, sensor probe; [page]

5 Database management function
It can provide various types of databases such as original measurement database and application database;
it can automatically process, convert and add data between various databases;
Dam safety automation monitoring system structure diagram

2.3 Water condition monitoring system:
The system is equipped with a front-end machine (industrial computer), telemetry center terminal, transceiver radio, communication power supply, omnidirectional antenna and coaxial lightning arrester. The central station receives various water condition parameters collected in real time from each telemetry station. The front-end machine of the central station will first identify and judge the received data, classify and organize it, and form a data file to store it in the memory of the front-end machine. The formed data file can be stored in the server database through the local area network. The communication method can be carried out by communication cable, radio, satellite, wireless text message, etc., to ensure the smooth passage.

System function introduction
1. Random self-reporting function. When the monitored cumulative parameter reaches a minimum detection value, such as the rainfall reaches 1mm, the RTU automatically powers on, adds 1 to the cumulative value and saves it, and then sends the measured cumulative parameter in full. When the instantaneous value of the water level in the monitoring reservoir changes (increases or decreases) by a minimum detection value, and the time interval with the last data transmission is greater than the set value, the RTU sends the measured instantaneous value to the central station.
2. Timed safety self-reporting function. When the newly monitored parameters do not change, the real-time parameters and the working status of the measuring station are sent to the central station at a set time interval every day.
3. After the measuring station sends the data, the RTU has a software power-off function and a hardware delay circuit to automatically cut off the controlled power supply, and adopts double insurance measures to protect the transmitter and save power.
4. The RTU terminal is designed with a modem that meets international standards and an internationally advanced microprocessor, and has water level wave elimination and filtering, automatic power supply lower limit alarm function, and advanced channel error correction, error detection, and coding functions. 5. The design of the RTU is simplified by integrating the modem and the radio station, thereby improving its reliability.
6. Various related parameters can be set on site through the keyboard. For example, various sensor measured parameters can be collected, displayed, and sent, and the base value of the sensor can be set and displayed; the battery voltage can be tested.
7. It has fault self-diagnosis and alarm functions.
8. It has the function of communicating with the central station, making debugging and maintenance convenient and simple.

2.4 Gate monitoring system
The main content of the system is to achieve automatic collection and transmission of sluice water level, gate working conditions, and image information through the computer monitoring system, so as to achieve remote control of gate opening and closing and automatic control of gates in the monitoring center; through real-time images, the operating conditions of the sluice and the surrounding environment can be intuitively understood. The system construction is mainly divided into two parts: the control building monitoring center and the gate on-site monitoring device. The monitoring center is composed of the system front-end machine, computer network platform and application software. The gate on-site monitoring device consists of the camera position layout of the image part, the layout of the gate monitoring component PLC and the construction of the information transmission channel. The gate opening and closing equipment is controlled by PLC on site, the gate opening is determined in real time by the gate opening meter, and the gate opening is automatically set according to the measured hydrological data through hydrological and water conservancy calculations, so as to improve the degree of automatic control and reduce manual errors. By setting up protection devices, unexpected situations that occur during the execution process can be handled in a timely manner. Combined with the remote image monitoring system, unmanned gate automatic control can be realized.

2.5 Reservoir Optimization Dispatching System
The main content of the optimization dispatching is to provide the optimal storage capacity for irrigation water and formulate a flood dispatching plan based on the flood discharge capacity of the downstream river channel under the condition of ensuring the flood control safety of the reservoir when the flood comes. The hydrological data provided by the computer hydrological telemetry system and the safety parameters of the dam body of the dam body seepage pressure automatic monitoring system are used as the decision-making basis for reservoir flood control. 2.6 Image Monitoring System The closed-circuit television monitoring system is a security technology prevention and management system that uses advanced electronic technology to perform sensor imaging, signal transmission, centralized monitoring, image recording and linkage control of remote scenes. Computer digital monitoring system is a new product in the monitoring alarm industry. It adopts the form of digital compression recording of video images, uses high-performance industrial computers, increases the number of camera image input channels, improves the display rate of multi-screen images, and increases the control of pan/tilt and lens functions. With a good human-computer interaction interface, it constitutes a digital monitoring alarm system with computers as the core. System function introduction 1. Video dynamic distribution function 2. Multi-screen display function 3. Image character overlay function 4. Video alarm function 5. Intelligent image detection function 6. Remote video query, playback, parameter setting, real-time monitoring through LAN 7. Programmable recording schedule, automatic loop recording 8. Capture static images 9. Convenient storage, playback, editing and processing 10. Self-diagnosis function 11. Reliability and scalability 2.7 Office automation system According to the functions of each office of the reservoir, each office is assigned its own authority to query the shared data in the reservoir information system. And through the local area network to share system peripheral resources, such as printers, scanners, digitizers, etc., to achieve file sharing services, FTP file transfer services, Email electronic mailbox services, network information release, local area network communication services, etc., can be implemented step by step according to the progress of information construction, financial computerization, personnel and labor management, material management, document circulation, financial computerization, etc. 2.8 Web comprehensive information release system The subsystems in the reservoir information system are independent of each other, and there is information correlation. By setting up a central database server, the information in each subsystem is sorted, refined, and mined and stored in the database, which reduces information redundancy and improves the reliability and scientificity of information. The Web comprehensive information release system is developed based on JAVA technology. According to the data of each subsystem, it is organized into corresponding Web pages to release information. It consists of two parts: static and dynamic pages. Static pages are some unchanging information, such as project overview, building layout diagram, system composition diagram, etc. Dynamic pages are to organize the data stored in the server according to business logic, and display them in the form of data tables and graphics to achieve real-time and intuitive effects. The Web comprehensive information release system consists of the following contents: Reservoir project overview Pictures of main buildings, instruments and equipment Distribution map of dam safety monitoring instruments Daily report of dam safety monitoring data Monthly report of dam safety monitoring data Water level process line of pore water pressure gauge at each measuring point of dam safety monitoring Water level infiltration line inside dam body Reservoir meteorological data Precipitation distribution and rainfall process line Water level report and water level process line Electric main wiring diagram of hydropower station System configuration diagram of hydropower station Telemetry information of hydropower station Telecommunication information of hydropower station Electricity measurement information of hydropower station







































Remote signal change record of
hydropower station Event record of
hydropower station Monitoring report query of hydropower station
Image monitoring browsing

The Web comprehensive information publishing system developed based on JAVA technology has the advantages of convenient client application, strong scalability and cross-platform application. Generally, the Windows operating system of the client machine is embedded with IE browser. As long as it is connected to the local area network, it can directly access the Web comprehensive information publishing system without installing other software. After adding a remote access device on the server side, the superior department or remote user can also access the comprehensive information publishing system after dialing in. User access is simple and convenient, just like accessing Internet resources. According to the layout of the web page, enter the required page and query relevant information. 3. System configuration Taking EVOC embedded intelligent products as an example, the system configuration is explained as follows:. 3.1. Host : A. Chassis: IPC-8420/PS-270A/6113LP4 B. Motherboard: FSC-1711VN full-length CPU card C. Data acquisition card: PCL-711B low-cost multi-function data acquisition card, PCL-733 32-channel isolated digital input card, PCL-734 32-channel isolated digital output card 3.2. Server : Database server IPC-810/PS-270A/6114P4 + FSC-1711VN + P4 2.0G +512M DDR + 80G WWW server IPC-810/PS-270A/6114P4 + FSC-1711VN + P4 2.0G +512M DDR + 60G 3.3. Remote data acquisition module : ARK-14017 (with isolated 6-channel differential and 2-channel single-ended analog input) ARK-14021 (single channel analog output) ARK-14052 (with isolated digital input module) ARK-24520 (RS-232 to RS-485 protocol converter) [System evaluation] After the completion of the information intelligent system, it runs stably and shows good security and reliability. It eliminates information islands, reduces data redundancy, and improves the reliability and scientificity of information. Fast and convenient information transmission provides a guarantee for the correct decision-making of superior departments, and also improves the level of modern management of reservoirs and improves work efficiency. At the same time, it also lays the foundation for the national water conservancy information construction.