How to identify the quality of LED power supply? We can identify it from the following points:
First, driver chip: IC
The core of the driver power supply is the IC, and the quality of the IC directly affects the entire power supply. Driver ICs from large manufacturers are purchased from wafer factories and packaged by large packaging factories; while driver IC technology from small manufacturers is directly copied from driver design solutions from large manufacturers and packaged by small packaging factories. This makes it impossible to guarantee the consistency and stability of the entire batch of ICs, which results in the driver power supply failing inexplicably after a period of use. Therefore, the IC on the LED power supply is not polished, so that lighting manufacturers can understand the IC solution and calculate the cost of the driver, and purchase power products at a reasonable price.
Second, the transformer
The control chip can be regarded as the brain of the power supply, while the transformer determines the power, temperature resistance, etc. The transformer is responsible for completing "AC-magnetic energy-DC", and energy overload will cause saturation and crash. The core of the transformer is the magnetic core and the wire package.
The quality of the magnetic core is the core of the transformer, but like porcelain, it is extremely difficult to distinguish. Simple appearance identification is: the appearance is crisp, dense, and bright, and the back is polished with pores. The magnetic core currently used by Shanghai Noyi is the PC44 magnetic core with open mold to ensure the high efficiency of the power supply.
The wire package is made of copper wire windings. The quality of the copper wire used is the key to affecting the life of the transformer. The same length of copper-clad aluminum wire is 1/4 the price of pure copper wire. Due to cost pressure, transformer manufacturers often mix transformers with copper-clad aluminum wire packages. As a result, the transformer burns out and fails when the temperature rises, causing the power supply and the entire lamp to fail. Therefore, many lamps, especially those with built-in power supplies, often explode about 6 months after shipment. How to distinguish whether this copper wire is pure copper wire or copper-clad aluminum? Use a lighter to light it. If it burns quickly, it is copper-clad aluminum. You can also measure the coil resistance to identify it.
Third, electrolytic capacitors and chip ceramic capacitors
Everyone may know the quality and life requirements of input electrolytic capacitors, and everyone attaches great importance to them. However, people often overlook the quality requirements of output capacitors. In fact, the life of output capacitors has a great impact on the life of the power supply. The output end has a switching frequency of up to 60,000 times per second, which causes the parasitic resistance of the capacitor to heat up, produces scale-like substances, and finally the electrolyte heats up and bursts. Recommended output electrolytic capacitor: Use LED-specific electrolytics, and the general model number starts with L. At present, our output electrolytics are Aiwa high-life electrolytic capacitors.
Ceramic capacitors: The materials are divided into X7R, X5R and Y5V, and the actual capacitance of Y5V can only reach 1/10 of the actual capacitance, and the nominal capacitance only refers to working at 0 volts. Therefore, this tiny chip resistor, poor selection will also lead to cost price differences and greatly shorten the life of the power supply.
Fourth, the circuit design and welding process of power supply products
Judging the quality of design: Apart from the professional perspective, some intuitive methods can be used to distinguish, such as neat, generous, and orderly layout of components, bright and clean solder joints. A good engineer will not make a messy design. As for flying wires and manual addition of components, it is a serious lack of technical strength. Welding process: manual soldering and wave soldering process, as we all know, the quality of mechanized wave soldering process is definitely better than manual soldering. Discrimination method: Is there red glue on the back? (Solder paste process + welding fixture can also achieve wave soldering, but the fixture cost is high).
AOI is a solder joint inspection instrument for patch. This equipment can detect cold solder joints, false solder joints and leaky solder joints during the patch process.
At present, the phenomenon of flickering of lamps after using for a period of time is basically caused by the power supply or lamp bead solder joint. It is extremely difficult to detect the solder joint of this product through aging detection, so it is necessary to rely on AOI to detect the quality of the power supply chip.
Fifth, batch testing aging racks and high temperature aging rooms for power products
No matter how well the materials and production process are controlled, power supply products still need to be tested for aging. This is because it is difficult to control the incoming material inspection of electronic components and transformers. Only by aging the entire batch of power supplies and high-temperature sampling in a high-temperature room can the quality stability of this batch of power supplies and whether the materials have safety hazards be tested.
The role of large-scale high-temperature random inspections: Currently, the failure rate of power supplies is between 1/1000 and 1/100, and only after high-temperature aging of thousands of units can such failures be discovered.
The high temperature room can simulate the harsh working environment of the power supply. Random inspections under strict conditions can reveal batch problems, such as unreasonable design, poor raw materials, failures in simulated lamps, high-voltage switch impacts, etc.
Long-term aging at room temperature: Screen out random failures such as cold solder joints, leaky solder joints, and collisions, filter out early failures of components, and effectively reduce the failure rate of finished products (from one percent to one thousandth).
Room temperature aging consumes a lot of aging equipment and personnel. For a factory that produces 100,000 power supplies per day, the aging equipment covers an area of at least 500 square meters, with more than 10,000 aging stations, and it can achieve assembly line aging, which is rare in the industry.
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