UPS definition and its function

1. Definition

UPS (Uninterruptable Power System) is a voltage-stabilized and frequency-stabilized AC power source with energy storage devices, rectifiers and inverters as the main components. It mainly uses batteries and other energy storage devices to provide uninterrupted power supply to computers/servers, storage devices, network devices, communication network systems or industrial control systems, industrial equipment that needs to operate continuously, etc. during power outages. It is an important "assistant" to ensure modern industrial control automation. When the mains input is normal, UPS stabilizes the mains and supplies it to the load. At this time, UPS is an AC voltage stabilizer, and it also charges energy storage devices such as batteries. When the mains power is interrupted (accidental power outage), UPS immediately uses the energy storage device (such as battery pack or flywheel energy storage system) to continue to supply AC power to the load through inverter conversion, so that the load maintains normal operation and protects the load software and hardware from damage.

As a protective power supply device, the performance parameters of UPS are of great significance and should be the focus of our consideration when purchasing. A wide input range of AC voltage indicates a strong ability to utilize AC power (reduce battery discharge). A small output voltage and frequency range indicates a strong ability to adjust AC power and stable output. The waveform distortion rate is used to measure the stability of the output voltage waveform, while the voltage stability indicates the stability of the output voltage when the UPS is suddenly loaded from zero to full load.

UPS efficiency, input power factor, input harmonic current content, and inverter and bypass conversion time are all important parameters that characterize UPS performance, which determine the protection capability of the load and the utilization rate of the mains. The better the performance, the stronger the protection capability. In general, the backup UPS has the worst load protection, but the highest efficiency; the online interactive type is slightly better, and the online type can solve almost all common power problems. Of course, the cost also rises with the improvement of performance. Therefore, when purchasing UPS, users should choose different types of UPS according to the load's requirements for power and the importance of the load.

Second effect

UPS has the following basic functions:

1. When the grid voltage is normal, the mains voltage is stabilized by the UPS and then supplied to the load. A UPS with good performance is itself a good AC voltage stabilizer and improves the power quality. At the same time, it also charges the battery inside the machine to store backup energy.

2. When the grid voltage is abnormal (undervoltage, overvoltage, power failure, interference, etc.), the UPS inverter converts the DC power of the battery into AC power to maintain power supply to the load.

3. The UPS automatically switches between grid power supply and battery power supply to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the load. And the tolerable switching time can be selected according to the precision of the equipment.