Diagram of the method of testing transistor pins with a multimeter

1. For npn:

Connect the black test lead to the assumed collector c, and the red test lead to the assumed emitter e. Use your fingers to short-circuit b and c. Observe the pointer swing; then, swap the two test leads and measure again, observing the pointer swing.

The assumption that the deflection is larger is correct! The black test lead is connected to the C pole and the red test lead is connected to the E pole.

2. For pnp transistor

Note: For pnp transistors, we connect the red test lead to the C pole

Use hfe block to detect β value

If there is an adj position, first set it to the adj position for zero adjustment.

l Switch to hfe position.

l Insert the C, B, and E pins of the transistor to be tested into the corresponding jacks respectively (for high-power transistors in to-3 package, you can connect three electrodes to three leads and then insert them into the jacks).

l Read the current amplification factor β of the tube from the meter or display.