Application of sensor technology in production practice

With the rapid development of science and technology, the testing and control technology of non-physical quantities has been more and more widely used in aerospace, aviation, transportation, metallurgy, machinery manufacturing, petrochemical, light industry, technical supervision and testing and other technical fields, and is also gradually introduced into people's daily life. It can be said that the level of testing technology and automatic control is an important indicator of the degree of modernization of a country's science and technology.

Sensor technology is an important link in realizing testing and automatic control. In the test system, it is used as a primary instrument positioning. Its main feature is that it can accurately transmit and detect a certain form of information and convert it into another form of information. Specifically, sensors refer to those components or devices that have the function of sensing (or responding to) and detecting a certain information of the measured object, and convert it into a corresponding output signal according to a certain rule. If there is no sensor to accurately and reliably capture and convert the original information being measured, all accurate testing and control will not be realized. Even the most modern electronic computer will not be able to fully play its due role without accurate information (or reliable data conversion) and undistorted input. There are many types and varieties of sensors, and the principles are also various. Among them, the resistance strain sensor is widely used in electronic scales and various new mechanisms of force measuring devices. Its accuracy and range are selected according to the needs. Too high accuracy requirements are not very meaningful for a certain use. Too wide a range will also reduce the measurement accuracy, and will cause excessive costs and increase process difficulties. Therefore, it is crucial to properly select the accuracy and range according to the requirements of the measured object. However, no matter what conditions and occasions the sensor is used, it is required to have stable performance, reliable data, and durability. For this reason, while studying high-precision sensors, it is necessary to pay attention to the research on reliability and stability. At present, sensor technology, including the research, design, trial production, production, testing and application of bed concealers, has gradually formed a relatively independent specialized discipline. In general, because the location of the sensor is not ideal, under the combined influence of temperature, humidity, pressure and other effects, it can cause the sensor zero drift and sensitivity changes, which has become a serious problem in use. Although people have taken measures of temperature compensation and sealing and moisture-proofing in the process of making sensors, it is closely related to the strain gauge, the efficiency of the adhesive itself, the accuracy and proficiency of the adhesive technology, the selection of elastic materials, and the formulation of cold and hot processing technology. None of these aspects can be ignored and all need to be carefully designed and made. At the same time, attention should also be paid to the installation method of the sensor, the setting of the supporting structure, how to overcome the lateral force and other issues. As a primary instrument, the sensor is usually composed of a sensitive element and a conversion element. The conversion element is a precision bridge. Therefore, the resistance strain sensor for force measurement and weighing is mainly composed of an elastomer, a strain gauge, adhesive and various compensation resistors. Its stability is also inevitably determined by the combined effect of the internal and external factors of these components. This article discusses this issue, talks about some superficial views, and discusses with peers. The first is the elastic element. The elastic element is generally processed and formed by high-quality alloy steel and non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and beryllium bronze. The main factors affecting the stability of the elastomer are its metallographic structure and residual stress after various treatments. Considering the mutual balance relationship during stress release and the constraints of the elastic body structure, if the residual stress is to be released, aging treatment must be carried out. In practice, if the natural aging method is used, the release is slow and the cycle is long, which is often undesirable. It is necessary to shorten the time artificially. Generally, the method to eliminate the residual stress on the surface of the elastomer is: vacuum tempering treatment, fatigue pulsation treatment and resonance. This can greatly reduce the residual stress, complete the usual long-term natural aging in a short time, and make the organizational performance more stable. Secondly, there are strain gauges and adhesives. The foil itself affects the stability of the strain gauge. There are many types of resistance alloys for manufacturing strain gauges, among which Constantan alloy is the most widely used. It has good stability, high fatigue life and small resistance temperature coefficient, and is an ideal wire grid manufacturing material. In addition, the instability caused by adverse effects should be eliminated during the manufacturing of strain gauges. For example, the bonding strength between the wire grid and the base glue, the bonding strength between the strain gauge and the elastomer, the release of stress in the base glue, etc. are all unstable factors. In addition, the pasting of strain gauges is also one of the key factors. The quality of this work directly affects the bonding quality of the glue and even the measurement accuracy. If the pasting is not strict and the technology is not proficient, even the best strain gauge will be of no avail.