Which power bank is better? Take it apart to see the internal circuit design and workmanship
Latest update time：2023-11-23
Reads：
Since the use of non-removable batteries in mobile phones, power banks have appeared more and more in front of people. It can be said to be a necessity for home travel. From the early days of heavy weight, low capacity, and slow charging, they have developed into small size, large capacity, and support for fast charging. Some high-power power banks can even power laptops.
Today, we have selected several power banks at different price points that support fast charging for disassembly to see what kind of circuits they use. How is the interior design and workmanship? How is fast charging achieved?
Produced by Electronic Engineering World (ID: EEWorldbbs)丨
Teardown of Huawei multi-protocol super fast charging power bank
Original post address:
https://www.eeworld.com.cn/aijT0i1
Part One Product Introduction
Let’s first take a look at the technical parameters of this “Huawei Fast Charging Power Bank 10000mAh 22.5W”:
Model: P0008
Charging protocol: PD3.0, supports Huawei SCP and FCP protocols, PD protocol maximum 20W, QC protocol maximum 18W
Battery capacity: 10000mAh
Rated capacity: 5600mAh
USB interface: one USB-A output maximum 22.5W, one USB-C
The product renderings are as follows:
Actual picture of the prototype in hand:
Eye-catching review:
In terms of appearance, Huawei P0008 two-way 22.5W fast charging mobile power supply continues the style of 18W fast charging. It is light and thin and easy to carry. It comes in black and white and has a matte appearance. In fact, I prefer the matte one, as the glossy surface is too easy to wear. , simple style. It is equipped with the mainstream USB-C fast charging interface and comes with a short USB-A to USB-C charging cable (should be a power cord that supports 3A), which can be used to charge itself or fast charge devices, which is very convenient; 10000mAh The capacity is the same as 18W fast charging. The overall appearance is quite high. The imitation metal shell and the price of 159 are a matter of opinion. Personally, I think the brand value is quite high.
Part 2 Charge and Discharge Test
Before disassembling the machine, conduct a charge and discharge test (the test product received is only half-charged and has two lights on). Use the PD protocol test equipment to test. The USB-A port can output 5V and 9V, but cannot output 12V. Among them, 9V is used. 2A can be output normally, 9V and 2.5A products are protected (the maximum output is 9V2.22A);
Use the charger and mobile phone to test the power bank. Some test results are as follows:
Use two chargers to charge the power bank respectively. One of them is a Huawei charger as shown below, and the other is a Nubia charger that supports 9V2A charging:
The effect is as follows:
Using Huawei charger can only achieve 5V2A charging, and the fast charging protocol is not detected.
9V2A charging was achieved using the Nubia charger, and the fast charging protocol was detected.
The third part of the disassembly process
This product uses buckle connection, which is not filled with glue. The buckle of the shell can be disassembled. I used the bottom as an entry point to start disassembly. The buckles are very dense. The upper shell has battery shock-absorbing foam. The battery is glued to the double-sided foam. Together, as shown below:
The battery uses a 3.63V average voltage battery, 10000mAh, charging limit voltage 4.2V, model: A062B5
Part 4 Component Analysis
There are three main chips:
SC2003 is a highly integrated PD controller that complies with the latest USB Type-C and PD 3.0 standards and supports the mainstream high-voltage fast charging protocols on the market. SC2003 integrates USB PD_PHY, Type-C detection, voltage and current detection, 10 -bit DAC, 10-bit ADC, VBUS discharge path, NMOS gate driver, I2C interface and protection circuit minimize external components, thereby simplifying system design and reducing BOM cost. The integrated embedded microcontroller and 32-KB MTP within the SC2003 provide a highly flexible and cost-effective solution for a variety of applications. SC2003 supports multiple protection mechanisms such as overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, overload current protection, short circuit protection, overtemperature protection, DP/DM pin overvoltage protection, CC pin overvoltage protection, etc., effectively ensuring stable and reliable operation of the system. SC2003 adopts QFN 32-pin package. This product directly uses SC2003 as the main control chip.
A typical circuit is as follows:
The second chip is still from Nanxin. SC8933 is specially used for fast charge and discharge management of mobile power supplies. It supports high-voltage charge and discharge up to 12V2A. It has powerful functions, high safety, and high overall integration. It has few peripheral components and integrates 3 channels. NMOS isolation tube driver supports one Micro-B/USB-A port (configurable), one TYPE-C port and one USB-A port, and can expand other charging and discharging ports. This product uses a TYPE-C port And a USB-A port solution.
The third chip is as shown below:
I really didn’t think about the function of this chip. The above two chips can achieve dual-port output. Is this chip the voltage stabilizing chip of the board? Probably not, SC2003 has integrated LDO, which is more like a lithium battery protection chip. Welcome God’s guidance!
other parts
Four white LEDs are used to indicate battery power, a green LED is used to indicate fast charging, the USB-A port is used as the output, the USB-C port is used as the input/output port, a button, and the interface signal pins on the board are all protected by TVS ; NTC is connected to the battery terminal through thermally conductive silicone; the inductor of 2R2 assists SC8893 in achieving fast charging and discharging.
Summarize
As a power bank priced at 169 yuan, the casing design is very tight and the style is simple. There is no glue protection on the board. The layout is basically the same as the 18W fast charge. However, different solutions are used for charge and discharge management, and the chips used are more It takes nearly 4 hours to fully charge using 9V2A charging. Personally, I feel that the price premium is quite serious.
Xiaomi 22.5W fast charging power bank disassembly
Original post address:
https://www.eeworld.com.cn/aWrbL48
I happen to have a Xiaomi Power Bank 3 in hand, so let’s dismantle it and compare the workmanship of the electronic components inside, etc.
Appearance part
Xiaomi power bank 22.5w model: pb100d zm
Battery type: lithium-ion polymer battery
Battery energy: 35Wh, 3.7v 10000mAh
Rated capacity: 5500mAh (5V3A)
Input interface: Type-C
Output interface: USB-A/Type-C
Input parameters: 5V3A 9V2.5A
Output parameters: (USB-A)5V3A 9V2.23A 12V1.67A 10V2.25A MAX
(USB-C)5V3A 9V2.23A 12V1.67A 10V2.25A MAX
(Three ports) 5V3A
Product size: 147.8/73.9/15.3㎜
Package includes: Xiaomi power bank, manual, USB data cable
Manufacturer: Jiangsu Zimi Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.
When I opened the box, my first reaction was that the exterior materials were the same as when I first bought the Xiaomi power bank. The one I bought at that time was 10400 mAh. Yes, a Xiaomi power bank has four 18650 batteries. I remember that the price was 69 yuan during the rush sale, which seemed to be in 2013. Now power banks have improved so much and are now so thin and have such a large capacity.
On the back of the box are some detailed manufacturer parameters as well as output and input parameters.
After opening it, you will see the data cable directly. The difference from Xiaomi Power Bank 2 is that it comes with a pull-out box. You can pull out the power bank directly.
Take out the power bank.
Open for future family photos.
In comparison, Xiaomi Power Bank 2 is a little larger except for the packaging size. The size of the power bank has not changed and the appearance is exactly the same.
Disassembly part
Start by heating the bottom label using an air gun. Then slowly pick the label. Two screws are exposed directly.
After removing the two screws, the battery and small board inside the power bank will come out directly.
It feels like this kind of disassembly requires no tricks at all. The overall difficulty of disassembly can be said to be very low. After removing the two screws, push it forward and it will come out.
Pull out the battery part and directly see two USB-a interfaces and USB-c interface. There is also a 10,000 mAh battery. The top of the battery core is covered with two strips of foam. There is also foam on the left side, as well as a silicone grease pad for heat conduction. Its corresponding original component is the inductor used for voltage boosting and bucking.
There is a chip on the lower right side of the PCB. It looks like a buck-boost control IC.
SC8934 from Nanxin.
On the left is the buck-boost control IC and alloy inductor.
There is a Weill protective tube under the A port.
The brand of the battery is from Lishen. It is a 10,000 mAh battery with an average voltage of 3.7V and a 37Wh battery. On the right side of the battery is a thermistor for monitoring temperature. The connection between the battery and the motherboard is a nickel strip spot weld.
When you remove the battery, there is only a shell left, and the battery is glued to the shell with double-sided tape.
The back of the battery cell is neater
There are still three Weill protective tubes on the back of the charging board, which are used for related switching protection of port C or A. There is a silk screen printed EUE on the right side of the protective tube, which is a TVS transient voltage suppression diode, and an SOSJ under port A. It is a lithium battery protection IC.
The silk screen 94b458 in the lower left corner should be a modern microcontroller, a chip customized by Zimi for the control of the entire mobile power supply.
4 LEDs are used for charging and discharging display of mobile power supply.
This is a disassembly of an electrical board of Xiaomi Power Bank 2. For comparison, the Mi 3 power supply has an additional Micro interface
and a solid capacitor.
Let’s compare the two electrical boards side by side.
The battery size is 10,000 mAh. The fast-charging version has an extra silicone pad that is very conspicuous, and the regular version has an extra solid state and a charging port.
The bottoms on both sides are disassembled, and the material of the fast charging version feels much better than the ordinary one.
Charging part
For charging, I use the original data cable for Samsung mobile phones.
As for the charger, I chose a 65w gallium nitride charger.
Use the USB port to charge the power bank. Regarding the output and input power, I don’t have an ammeter for the moment, so I can’t detect the current. I plugged it in to charge it when I got off work, and I saw it was fully charged after I got to work in the morning.
After being fully charged, all four LED indicators are on.
When I charge my Samsung note10+, it shows fast charging. Samsung’s data cable seems to be different from Huawei and Xiaomi’s. It is also a USB-C data cable. The Huawei is charged with a fast charging data cable, but when plugged into a Samsung phone, it shows that it is charging, not fast charging. The specific data cable has not been disassembled and checked. It seems that the agreement is different. It can charge Samsung, indicating that this 22.5 W supports Samsung charging protocol.
The above is the disassembly process and use process of the entire power bank.
Summarize
Although the price of this Xiaomi power bank is relatively low compared to other power banks, the charging output efficiency is not low at all, and the materials used are also very good. They are all from big brands, and they also have charging protection, various protective tubes, and batteries. The capacity is 10,000 mAh, which is enough for daily use. If those power banks above 150 mAh are all 10,000 mAh, then I will still choose Xiaomi’s one. After all, it is the most cost-effective. Of course, if you are not short of money, choose the large capacity. High power is also available.
Suddenly I had an idea. I wanted to move the temperature protection inside to the middle, then buy a wireless charging module online and cut a hole in the aluminum alloy casing. Put in the wireless charging module and put the temperature protection in the center of the module. You can detect the charging temperature on the top and the battery temperature on the bottom. What do you think of this idea? Please leave a comment.
Teardown analysis of Roma Shichong 22.5W power bank
Original post address:
https://www.eeworld.com.cn/aGOSeDK
In this disassembly, the Romans power bank should be the most cost-effective product. It has a price of 180+, a capacity of 30000mAH, and 22.5W fast charging. The price/performance ratio is very good, but the parameters are not as large as it says. ? Let’s wait and see!
Parameter introduction
According to the parameters checked through the official store (Figure 1), the rated energy is 111Wh (30000mAh) and the rated capacity is 18000mAh (5V/3A). What do you think is the difference between the two rated energy and rated capacity?
figure 1
The outer packaging of the mobile power supply is as follows. It is relatively frugal. It contains a mobile power supply, a data cable, and an instruction manual. It is really heavy and can be held in the hand or carried on the body (bring it with you during the May Day holiday). Went upstream to play) It’s quite heavy.
figure 2
image 3
The overall appearance of the power bank is a big Kazilan eye.
Figure 4
The charging ports are also relatively rich, including fruit, TypeC, MicroUSB, USB*2, five ports, of which TypeC is bidirectional, which is good!
Figure 5
Capacity and fast charging test
The main thing is the capacity test that everyone is most concerned about. When I received the power bank, the battery level was 66%. It should be to wish the user good luck~
Figure 6
First, fully charge the battery, and then start the capacity test. After it is fully charged, charge the phone (there are no other power-consuming devices). The picture below shows the phone when it is fully charged, so it is not a fast charging voltage. When the battery is 89%, it consumes 11.2Wh, which is almost the same as the nominal one.
Figure 7
After a period of use, the power consumption reached 51%, and the used capacity was 43.6Wh, which was slightly different. However, I have charged the phone several times, and I feel that there is no false standard.
Figure 8
Charging to 33% consumes 62Wh of capacity.
Figure 9
In the end, it was completely out of power. A total of 100.4Wh of capacity was consumed. It felt that it was only 10Wh different from the official nominal 111Wh. It felt that the capacity was basically no false standard because the fast charge detection equipment also consumed power, although the power consumption was very small. , but there is also a part, and the temperature is not at the most suitable situation during the charging process, so some loss is normal.
Figure 10
Since my fast charge detection device only supports QC2.0, the charging power I detected is 9V2A, which is 18W, but 22.5W should also be supported. You will know by looking at the internal chip.
Charging a mobile phone can reach 100Wh, so how much Wh capacity do I need to consume to charge a power bank?
Next, let’s take a look at how much capacity is needed to charge the power bank to full capacity.
Figure 11
As can be seen from Figure 11, it can also support 9V2A fast charging when charging.
Figure 12
After full charging, 136Wh is used. This 136Wh goes to the power bank, and then from the power bank to the mobile phone, which requires 36Wh of energy loss. The actual power usage rate is about 74%. The loss from the power bank to the mobile phone is not included here, because 100Wh is the energy output from the power bank.
dismantle
This power bank has no screws, so it is all assembled with buckles. I searched online for disassembly and found that it can only be disassembled violently. After a series of lifting and smashing, the buckle finally opened this power bank. Not only does it have buckles but also Glue, but the buckle takes up the majority. The inside is shown in Figure 13 below.
Figure 13
After removing it, I found a thermistor, which should be used to prevent the battery from overheating and forcing a power cut.
Figure 14
Let’s take a look at the battery capacity first. It’s 10000mAh. There are three polymer batteries in total. It seems like it’s really cost-effective. These three batteries cost a lot. But why use three 1000mAh batteries? You can analyze it!
Figure 15
First look at the largest chip. It must be a fast charging chip. The silk screen model number is [SW6206]. I checked online and found that it is Zhirong's SW6206, which was released in February 2019. For the chip introduction, please click to read the original text. Although the chip is a bit old, the performance is still sufficient for 22.5W fast charging.
Figure 16
One of the chips (U3) does not have a silk screen. Can anyone guess what chip it is? Personally, I feel it is a custom chip.
Figure 17
One of the Q7 models is [L2030 M130AK], and the relevant manufacturer cannot be found online.
Figure 18
The U2 silk screen next to Q7 is [DW01A], which is a lithium battery protection chip to prevent overcharge and overdischarge.
In the end, there are only some MOS tubes left, and the [8205A] dual MOS tube chip is used.
Summarize
In fact, the result is a bit unexpected. The capacity is indeed sufficient. After charging the phone to full charge several times, there are very few false marks. With such a high cost performance, the manufacturer's profit should be relatively small. I would like to remind everyone that you must take good protection when violently dismantling, otherwise you will be injured. I was injured, but it was all skin trauma~
Violent dismantling of
Anker power bank
Original post address:
https://www.eeworld.com.cn/au94GGS
Carefully study the relevant charging function parameters, monitor the recharging status in real time during the full charging process, and after fully charging, charge the mobile phone to test the discharge performance. After doing all this, I started to disassemble the power bank, and found that it was quite difficult to disassemble. I broke the tool and it took almost an hour to violently disassemble it. The following is the entire disassembly process:
First, take a look at the parameters on the official website:
Through this parameter, you can see that the power of this power bank is 10000mAh and the rated capacity is 6400mAh. Then, it is written on the back of the power bank that the lithium battery capacity is 5000mAh. I don’t quite understand the difference between these three parameters. Does anyone know? Can you analyze it?
When you open the box, you can see the power bank and two instructions, a certificate of conformity, a TYPE-C TO TYPE-C charging cable, and a mesh storage bag, as shown in the picture below:
After opening the packaging bag, you can see the front and back pictures of the power bank as shown below:
There is a circular button above the front picture. The circular button integrates four blue power indicator lights. Pressing this button can display the battery power through the four blue indicator lights, and below the button is the ANKER brand silk screen.
On the back are some electrical characteristics parameters of the power bank. Three of them are interesting. Cell capacity: 10000mAh, lithium battery energy: 5000mAh, rated capacity: 6400mAh. I don’t know how these three parameters are related. It feels like I'm playing a word game.
Then other charging and discharging parameters are consistent with what is written on the product details page.
Then use the PCB multi-function ruler on your hand to measure the size of the power bank, as shown in the picture below:
The measured length, width and height are 105mm, 50mm and 25mm respectively.
The following two pictures show the charging and discharging interface and charging cable of the power bank:
You can see that USB-A is the output interface, USB-C is the input and output interface, and both ends of the charging cable have TYPE-C interfaces. I don’t think it is practical, but I have bought Anker’s gallium nitride charging head before, and this charger The cable should be suitable for gallium nitride charging heads.
Let’s start using my Honor 9X original charger to charge the power bank, as shown in the picture below:
You can see that this charging head supports 5V2A charging, and then the charging head is connected to my PD tester to charge the power bank, as shown below when charging:
At the beginning of charging, only one indicator light of the power bank is flashing. At this time, the battery capacity of the power bank should be less than a quarter, and then the charging voltage and charging current are 5.28V and 1.84A respectively. It feels like the power bank current is It does not reach 2A, and the capacity of the power bank displayed is 2030mAh.
The following two pictures are photos of the charging status of the power bank before it is fully charged:
It can be seen that the battery power has been increasing, but the charging current is still relatively stable.
The picture below is a photo of the charging status of the PD tester after it is fully charged:
It can be seen that the battery power at this time is 9396mAh, which is close to the 10000mAh written in the power bank specifications, and the charging current is also close to 0A. At this time, the power bank has just been fully charged, and all four power indicators of the power bank are displayed.
The picture below shows me using the charger to charge my Honor 9X:
You can see that the charging current is 2.14A. After comparison, you can see that using the same charger to charge the Anker power bank and my Honor mobile phone, the charging current of the power bank is smaller than the charging current of my mobile phone. Bao actually does not achieve fast charging performance.
Let’s take a look at using a power bank to charge my Honor phone, as shown below:
As shown in the picture above, it can be seen that the discharge current of the power bank is only 1.37A. There is no charger that can charge my mobile phone with a large current, so the discharge of this Anker power bank does not meet the fast discharge characteristics.
After testing the charging and discharging characteristics of the power bank, we began to disassemble the power bank. After observation, we can pry open the front cover of the power bank. There is a gap under the front cover as shown below:
The disassembly process was quite laborious. It took nearly an hour and I even broke the disassembly tool. Because the corners of the power bank are relatively smooth and difficult to fix, it was difficult to use force during the disassembly process and I almost hurt my hand. In the end, I spent a lot of money. It took nearly an hour to disassemble it, and I found that there was strong double-sided tape between the battery and the back cover, as shown in the picture below:
In addition to a circle of double-sided tape on the battery, there is also a layer of black glue in the middle surrounding the double-sided tape. I heard from a structural colleague that this should be 3M glue, and it should have a heat dissipation function.
Then the front cover is close to the battery. Not only is there 3 adhesives, but there is also a circle of copper foil. The copper foil can shield interference signals.
The power bank consists of two circuit boards. One circuit board is the positive and negative battery adapter board, and the other is the charge and discharge control board. The charge and discharge control board is removed as shown in the figure below:
This is the side of the main control board close to the front cover. In addition to the USB-A socket, USB-C socket, large inductor, and SMD aluminum electrolytic capacitor, there are also several ICs. The main control IC is Nanxin's SC20010DER, and the package is QFN-32 is a USB PD controller that integrates multiple fast charging protocols. It complies with the latest USB Type-C and PD 3.0 standards, supports the most popular high-voltage fast charging protocols, and supports up to 4 sets of DPDM interfaces. Applied to power banks and other mobile devices.
SC2001 supports an extremely wide operating voltage range, up to 30V, without the need for additional LDOs. By integrating the USB PD baseband physical layer (PHY), Type-C detection, voltage and current detection, 10-bit DAC VBUS adjustment, 10-bit ADC, voltage reference, VBUS voltage discharge path, NMOS driver, I2C interface and protection circuit, the external The components are minimized, the system design is simple, and the BOM cost is low. Its embedded microcontroller and 32kb MTP provide a highly flexible and cost-effective solution for many applications. SC2001 supports a variety of protection mechanisms, including overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection, overtemperature protection, DP/DM pin overvoltage protection, CC pin overvoltage protection, etc., effectively ensuring the stability of the system. Reliable operation.
The following figure is a typical application circuit diagram:
The second IC has a screen print of M3017AM and a package of SOP8. After inquiry, it is found that this is a USB-C interface output VBUS switch. I did not find the specification book or manufacturer name. I guess it is used to switch the USB-C input and output direction. , some netizens who know can help analyze it.
The third IC silk screen is 8810PA, there are two of them, and the package is SOT23-6. I can’t find the information online, so I don’t know what it is used for.
The fourth IC silk screen is 21ALQ and the package is DOT23-5. No information has been found on this.
Because the pixels of the mobile phone are poor, we can only take a close-up of the four ICs as shown in the picture below. Except for the first main control IC, the detailed information of the other three cannot be found. The second IC This is a simple function introduction seen in other review articles, and there is no manual found.
Then there are two black wires under the main control board that are connected to the thermistors on the battery positive and negative adapter boards to monitor the battery temperature.
The picture below is the back view of the main control board:
There is mainly a SMD mechanical button and a small amount of SMD capacitors and resistors on the back of the main control board.
The picture below is a silk screen picture of the power bank battery:
According to the silk screen description on the battery, this is a 7.4V output composed of two 5000mAh 3.7V lithium batteries connected in series. However, the battery supplier and specifications cannot be found based on the silk screen printed on the battery.
Summarize
First of all, after actual charging and discharging tests, this Anker power bank does not live up to its name. It does not achieve fast charging and fast discharging performance. It is not as fast as the slow charging of my mobile phone, and the power bank discharges even slower. So overall, the price when applying for evaluation At 189 yuan, the premium was very high. It was not as good as the 20,000 mAh Xiaomi power bank and the Romans 2,000 mAh power bank I bought before. The price of these two power banks was only over 100 yuan, and the charging and discharging speeds were similar to the original chargers of my mobile phone. .
So I think this Anker power bank, coupled with the brand premium, is only worth 100 yuan at the top. Unexpectedly, when I was writing the review in the past two days, I saw that the price of this Anker power bank has increased to 225 yuan on JD.com, which is really bright. I'm blinded. I really can't figure out why this power bank is so expensive. Is it because it ranks first in sales of overseas power products, and was designated by Apple as a cooperative charger brand, and came back after being gold-plated overseas? Is it so expensive to sell?
Anyway, I will not buy such an expensive power bank, and I still have the Romans power bank fragrance in my hand.
The above is the complete summary of this review. Finally, I would like to thank EEWORLD for giving me this review opportunity. I feel that this review is barely qualified. On the one hand, I am very busy with work. It took me a month to disassemble the power bank before I have time to write. Review articles, on the other hand, lack of relevant technical reserves, so I always feel lacking when writing review articles. I hope to learn more excellent review articles in the future, especially disassembly review articles. Thank you for browsing!
· END ·
京公网安备 11010802033920号