Using the Lagrange interpolation formula and proxy certificates, a short threshold proxy signature scheme is given. In the scheme, the original signer delegates his signature right to n proxy signers, and only when more than k (k≤n) proxy signers (among the n proxy signers) cooperate can a valid short proxy signature be generated. The scheme has the following characteristics: verifiability, threshold proxy, strong unforgeability, strong distinguishability, strong non-repudiation and resistance to abuse of proxy rights. Since it is based on short signatures, the scheme can be used in low-bandwidth and low-storage environments. Keywords. Signature, digital signature, short signature, proxy signature, threshold In the proxy signature scheme [1-3], the original signer delegates his signature right to a proxy signer, and the proxy signer signs on behalf of the original signer. Short signature schemes and short proxy signature schemes can be used in low-bandwidth and low-storage environments [4-6]. However, in some cases, people want to use thresholds to implement proxy signature rights. For example, a manager is away on a business trip or traveling, He hopes that his signature right (a very important signature right) can be delegated to n proxy signers, and only when more than k (k≤n) of these n proxy signers cooperate can a valid proxy signature be generated. This paper first proposes a new short proxy signature scheme, and then proposes a short threshold proxy signature scheme based on this scheme. Our short threshold proxy signature scheme has the following characteristics: (1) Verifiability, that is, anyone can verify the validity of the proxy signature; (2) Threshold proxy, that is, only when more than k (k≤n) members of the n proxy signers designated by the original signer cooperate can a valid proxy signature be generated; (3) Strong unforgeability, that is, it is difficult to forge a specific proxy signature, even if the original signer and any t (t
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Development Trends of Optical Neuroimaging Research
Research Trends in Optical Neuroimaging Imaging detection of brain functions is of great significance in the field of cognitive neuroscience. The development of modern photonics technology has provided new research methods for cognitive brain imaging, which can play an important role in the study of information processing mechanisms of the nervous system. This paper introduces various optical imaging technologies for studying information processing mechanisms of the nervous system at different levels, such as neurons, neural networks, specific cortical functional structures, systems and behaviors, including multiphoton excitation fluorescence microscopy, intrinsic signal optical imaging, laser speckle imaging and near-infrared optical imaging, and reviews the research progress of these optical imaging technologies in acquiring and analyzing neural information at multiple levels.
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DS8023 pdf datasheet
The DS8023 smart card interface IC is a low-cost, lowpower,analog front-end for a smart card reader designedfor all ISO 7816, EMV*, and GSM11-11 applications. TheDS8023 supports 5V, 3V, and 1.8V smart cards, and providesan option for ultra-low stop-mode power consumption.The DS8023 is available in 28-pin TSSOP and SOpackages, and can often be used as a replacement forthe TDA8024 with little or no application changes.The DS8023 is designed to interface between a systemmicrocontroller and the smart card interface, providingall power supply, protection, and level shifting requiredfor IC card applications.ApplicationsSet-Top Box Conditional AccessAccess ControlBanking ApplicationsPOS TerminalsDebit/Credit Payment TerminalsPIN PadsAutomated Teller MachinesTelecommunicationsPay/Premium Television
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AAT2510,pdf datasheet(Dual 400mA, 1MHz Step-Down DC-DC Converter)
The AAT2510 is a member of AnalogicTech’s Total Power Management IC™ (TPMIC™) product family. It is comprised of two 1MHz step-down converters designed to minimize external component size and cost. The input voltage ranges from 2.7V to 5.5V. The output voltage ranges from 0.6V to the maximum applied input voltage and is either fixed or externally adjustable.
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Single-axle two-wheel self-balancing vehicle
Single-axle two-wheel self-balancing vehicle
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MD201N-RSM Series Brushless DC Motor Driver Product Data Sheet
MD201N-RSM series brushless DC motor driver (hereinafter referred to as driver) is suitable for driving high-voltage three-phase brushless DC motors. It not only has good stability, dynamic performance and a variety of protection mechanisms, but also has a built-in RS-485 bus interface and supports Modbus communication protocol. It is flexible and convenient to network and easy to maintain. The driver comes with a digital panel, which is simple and clear to operate. It can be operated locally through the digital panel or remotely monitored through the Modbus host. A variety of voltage and power range models are available, and the appropriate model can be selected according to specific occasions.
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HT47R20A-1 Infrared Carrier Output (IR-carrier) Usage Introduction
HT47R20A-1 Infrared Carrier Output (IR-carrier) Usage Introduction This document mainly introduces the use and precautions of the HT47R20A-1 infrared carrier output (IR-carrier). The HT47R20A-1 provides an infrared carrier transmission port that shares the same pin as PA2, which can be determined by mask selection. When infrared output is selected, setting PA2 to \"0\" (CLR PA.2) can allow infrared carrier output, and setting PA2 to \"1\" (SETPA.2) will disable infrared carrier output and the PA2 port output is low. The output frequency of the infrared carrier is 12 times the system clock. When the system frequency is 480kHz, the carrier frequency is 40kHz.
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electronic