GSM communication system GSM communication system 2.1 System composition The cellular mobile communication system is mainly composed of three parts: the switching network subsystem (NSS), the wireless base station subsystem (BSS) and the mobile station (MS), as shown in Figure 2-1. The interface between the NSS and the BSS is the \"A\" interface, and the interface between the BSS and the MS is the \"Um\" interface. In the analog mobile communication system, the TACS specification only stipulates the Um interface, and does not impose any restrictions on the A interface. Therefore, each equipment manufacturer uses its own interface protocol for the A interface and follows the TACS specification for the Um interface. In other words, the NSS system and the BSS system can only use equipment from one manufacturer, while the MS can use equipment from different manufacturers. [pic] Figure 2-1 Composition of the cellular mobile communication system Since the GSM specification is a specification \"speculated\" by some Nordic operating companies, the operating companies certainly like to spend the least investment and use the best equipment to build the best communication network. Therefore, the GSM specification has clear regulations for each interface of the system. In other words, each interface is an open interface. The block diagram of the GSM system is shown in Figure 2-2. To the right of the A interface is the NSS system, which includes the mobile service switching center (MSC), visitor location register (VLR), home location register (HLR), authentication center (AUC) and mobile equipment identification register (EIR). To the left of the A interface is the Um interface, which is the BSS system, which includes the base station controller (BSC) and base transceiver station (BTS). To the left of the Um interface is the mobile station part (MS), which includes the mobile terminal (MS) and the user identification card (SIM). [pic] Figure 2-2 GSM system block diagram The GSM network is also equipped with a short message service center (SC), which can open point-to-point short message services, similar to digital paging services, to achieve national networking, and can also open broadcast public information services. In addition, it is equipped with a voice mailbox, which can...
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