In a permanent magnet brushless DC motor, even if the armature winding is not energized, the magnetic field generated by the water magnet interacts with the slots of the stator core to generate torque, namely the slot detent torque. The detent torque causes the motor output torque to fluctuate, generating vibration and noise. There are many factors that affect the slot torque, such as the number of slots, slot shape, skew angle, magnetic pole arc coefficient, and auxiliary grooves, etc. Therefore, it is more complicated to accurately calculate the detent torque. This paper uses the Maxwell tensor method to analyze the detent torque and provide a theoretical reference for motor design. The paper explains the mechanism of the cogging torque, summarizes the methods of suppressing the cogging torque, and explores the development trend of suppressing the cogging torque. This paper takes the permanent magnet brushless DC motor as the object, uses Ansoft finite element simulation software, and studies the effects of changing the slot width, stator skew, changing the pole arc coefficient, and adding auxiliary grooves to the stator punching through finite element analysis. The effect of the auxiliary grooves of the punching sheet on suppressing the detent torque of the permanent magnet brushless DC motor was deeply analyzed, because the method of adding auxiliary grooves on the punching sheet surface is easy to process in production and has little effect on the motor performance. The results show that arranging the auxiliary grooves in symmetrical positions on the same punching sheet can achieve good results, and when two auxiliary grooves are added symmetrically with the center line of the punching sheet, the effects of different auxiliary groove angles are different. For different punching sheets, the appropriate auxiliary groove angle is also different. Finally, these methods of suppressing the detent torque are optimized and combined to find an optimal solution for suppressing the detent torque of the permanent magnet brushless DC motor.
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