The data acquisition system in the nuclear energy spectrometer integrates nuclear detection technology, electronic technology, and computer technology. With a multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer as the core component, it can quickly and accurately extract the relevant information and parameters of the nuclide. It has been widely used in exploration, building material radioactivity detection, and environmental radioactivity monitoring. With the development of embedded technology, microcontrollers with 32-bit ARM as the core have been introduced, which has improved the speed and accuracy of data acquisition. At the same time, the introduction of embedded operating systems has also provided an efficient development platform for function expansion and system integration. The nuclear data acquisition system introduced in this paper is based on the ARM microcontroller LPC2148 and the real-time operating system μC/OS-II. The spectrum data acquisition is the basic function. On this basis, the GPS and GPRS modules are expanded to realize the real-time and synchronous reception, storage and display of GPS information and nuclear signals. The collected data can be transmitted to the collection center through the GPRS network in a timely manner for spectrum data processing and GPS differential positioning, which provides an effective means for field multi-point measurement and remote monitoring. The project is based on the Ministry of Education\'s Higher Education Doctoral Special Research Fund Project \"Research on Portable Nuclear Geophysical Data Acquisition System Based on 3GS Technology (Project No.: 20040616014)\". Based on the existing research results, I have made relevant improvements and system integration: (1) Rail-to-rail operational amplifiers were selected to improve the peak detection circuit and increase the measurement accuracy of the pulse peak. (2) The data acquisition system is based on the 32-bit ARM microcontroller LPC2148, and the peripheral circuit has an LCD display. The system has the characteristics of low power consumption, miniaturization, and high cost performance. (3) The integration of GPS and GPRS in the nuclear data acquisition system is realized. (4) The transplantation of the embedded μC/OS-II operating system on LPC2148, the construction of the operating system, and the design and integration of various functional modules are completed.
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