Aiming at the problems of slow convergence speed and insufficient optimization ability of basic genetic algorithm, an improved genetic algorithm based on real number coding is proposed. In the new algorithm, the initial population is controlled by spatial distance so that it can be evenly distributed in the solution space; the crossover operation adopts the method of equal grouping, and crossover is performed on every two individuals in each group, and the best is selected to expand the search space; the variable asynchrony length is adaptively adjusted with the evolutionary generation. The improved genetic algorithm is applied to the optimization of PID controller parameters. The simulation experiment shows that the tuning effect of the new algorithm is significantly better than that of the basic genetic algorithm. It not only solves the defects of the basic genetic algorithm, but also improves the convergence speed and optimization accuracy. PID controller is the earliest type of controller. Due to its simple algorithm, good robustness and high reliability, it is widely used in process control and motion control, especially for deterministic control systems that can establish accurate mathematical models. However, actual industrial production processes often have nonlinear and time-varying uncertainties, and it is difficult to establish accurate mathematical models. The application of conventional PID controllers cannot achieve ideal control effects. In recent years, genetic algorithms (GA) as a global optimization algorithm have been more and more widely used. This paper proposes an improved genetic algorithm and applies it to the optimization of PID controller parameters, achieving good control results.
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