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Reverse osmosis-nanofiltration combined process, characteristic equation and potential applications

2013-12-06
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Single membrane separation and desalination is affected by various factors, and its application areas are greatly limited, especially in the fields of chemical industry, metallurgy, food and environmental protection. Taking reverse osmosis as an example, it has a good effect in dehydration and concentration, and is most suitable for the concentration of dilute solutions. The treatment of high-concentration solutions is limited by the osmotic pressure and the pressure resistance of the membrane itself, and the water recovery rate is low. Nanofiltration membrane has semi-desalting properties, which can allow monovalent ions to partially pass through and intercept ions with a valence of more than two. If the semi-desalting properties of reverse osmosis dehydration and nanofiltration are combined to form a new process flow, the strong combination can give full play to the advantages of the membrane separation process and expand the application field of the membrane process. This paper proposes five new combined processes of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. Starting from material balance, characteristic equations expressing the mathematical relationship between feed liquid, permeate and concentrate are derived. The characteristics of these five membrane combinations are discussed, and examples are given to illustrate potential application areas.

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