I2C bus controlled TV display processor TDA9332H and its application Abstract: TDA9332H is a display processor suitable for high-end color TV produced by Philips. It can be used for single-scan (50 or 60Hz) and double-scan (100 or 120Hz) TV signal processing. This article introduces the structural principle and performance characteristics of TDA9332H, and also gives the application method of TDA9332H in high-end color TV. Keywords: display processor; high-end color TV; YUV/RGB; TDA9332H String 9 1 Main features of TDA9332H String 5 TDA9332H is a display processor designed by Philips for high-end color TV. It adopts 44-pin QFP package. Figure 1 shows its pin arrangement diagram. In addition, the chip has the following features: String 3 ● It has a YUV input terminal and an RGB signal input terminal with fast blanking. Its OSD/Text input terminal is separated from other video signal input terminals, and has both fast blanking function and mixed insertion. At the same time, it has an internal RGB control processor, which can implement continuous cathode correction (CCC), white point and black level offset adjustment; it can provide RGB output with stable black current; it can effectively solve the defects of CRT display image color cast and contrast reduction caused by long-term use. String 3 ● A programmable deflection processor that can generate an internal clock. These drive signals include line drive, field deflection, and parabolic waves for east-west correction. Its circuit can adapt to both 4:3 picture tubes and 16:9 picture tubes. String 3 ● It can be used for single scanning (50Hz or 60Hz) and double scanning (100Hz or 120Hz). String 8 ● The internal clock generator for horizontal and field deflection processing can be synchronized by a 12MHz ceramic resonator, thereby improving the timing accuracy of the horizontal and field deflection processing circuits. String 3 ● The horizontal synchronization circuit has two control loops, and the horizontal oscillator does not need to be adjusted; the horizontal drive pulse can implement slow start and slow stop; it has the ability to process horizontal and field geometric distortions and horizontal parallelogram and bow correction functions. String 7 ● The built-in blue extension circuit can shift the near-white color to the blue side to improve the brightness of the white field area of the image. String 3 ● It also has a black level extension processing function for non-standard brightness signals, so that the video signals input from different sources have a consistent image level after being processed by this circuit; at the same time, the device is also equipped with a switchable matrix that adapts to color difference signals, which can be used for the processing and display of multi-standard color difference signals; String 2 ● It has horizontal and vertical zoom functions, and is suitable for 16:9 Vertical scrolling function of the picture tube. String 4 ● The power supply voltage of this chip is +8V, the total power supply current is 50mA, and all functions inside the chip can be controlled by the I2C bus. 2 Pin functions and internal structure String 6 TDA9332H has 44 pins, and the functions of each pin are listed in Table 1. Figure 2 shows its internal structure block diagram. Table 1 Pin functions of TDA9332H Pin identification Pin No. Pin Function Description Pin identification Pin No. Pin Function Description VDOA 1 Field sawtooth wave output A VD after geometric correction 23 Field synchronization input VDOB 2 Field sawtooth wave output B HD after geometric correction 24 Line synchronization input EWO 3 East-West pincushion correction wave output DACOUT 25 DAC output EHTIN 4 High voltage stable detection signal output VIN 26 V signal input FLASH 5 Fast detection input UIN 27 U signal input GND1 6 Ground YIN 28 Y signal input DECVD 7 Digital power supply filter FBCSO 29 Fixed beam current shutdown input HOUT 8 Line excitation pulse output RI1 30 Red primary color signal 1 inserted into SCO 9 Sand castle pulse output GI1 31 Green primary color signal 1 inserted into SCL 10 I2C bus clock line BI1 32 Blue primary color signal 1 inserted into SDA 11 I2C bus data line BL1 33 38 Fast blanking 2 inserted into HSEL 17 +8V power supply (horizontal start) VP2 39 +8V power supply DECBG 18 Power supply voltage regulator filter capacitor connection terminal (bandgap filter) RO 40 Red primary color signal output GND2 19 Ground GO 41 Green primary color signal output XTALI 20 12MHz crystal oscillator input BO 42 Blue primary color signal output XTALO 21 12MHz crystal oscillator output BCL 43 Beam current limit input LPSU 22 Low voltage startup circuit power supply BLKIN 44 Black current detection input string 5 3 Working principle of TDA9332H string 3 3.1 Selection and display processing of image signals string 5 The selection and display processing of image signals in TDA9332H include converting RGB signals into YUV signals, YUV selection, black level extension and chroma control, primary color matrix, contrast control, primary color signal selection, white peak and brightness control, peak limiter and beam current control, dark balance automatic adjustment, blue level extension and output amplification, etc. TDA9332H has three signal input ports, namely one YUV and two RGB input ports. The YUV input port is used for the field/line processing part to output YUV signals. String 4 Among the three input ports mentioned above, the first RGB input port is used for inputting external video RGB signals, and the second RGB input port is used for inputting RGB signals of OSD and teletext. The signal conversion of the three input ports is controlled by the microprocessor through the I2C bus. String 4 The processing of RGB output signals includes circuits such as white peak limiting, beam current limiting, cathode beam current continuous calibration, and blue level extension. String 9 3.2 Synchronization, deflection small signal processing and geometric distortion correction (1) Clock generator and first phase-locked loop String 2 The clock generator in TDA9332H is composed of a voltage-controlled oscillator and the first phase-locked loop to jointly generate the clock signal required for synchronization and deflection processing. The free oscillation frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator is 880 times (1fH mode) or 440 times (2fH mode) the line frequency of the input signal. The internal voltage-controlled oscillator frequency is determined by the input line synchronization signal and the control potential of the mode selection terminal. String 7 (2) Working principle of the second phase-locked loop and horizontal phase shift String 8 After the voltage-controlled oscillator is divided by 880 or 440, the obtained 1fH or 2fH line excitation signal is sent to the second phase-locked loop for phase detection with the line reverse pulse. Its error signal is used to control the phase of the line excitation pulse after internal filtering, and can also be used to correct the horizontal phase offset of the image caused by the change of beam current. String 7 In order to correct the line amplitude change caused by the change of beam current, TDA9332H also has a dynamic line amplitude fine-tuning function. After the sampling voltage of the dynamic line amplitude fine-tuning is introduced from one end of the high-voltage winding of the line output transformer to the 14th pin of TDA9332H through a resistor, the change of beam current will cause the potential change of this pin. The internal correction circuit can automatically adjust the reverse pulse phase of the second phase-locked loop according to the potential change of this point. When the beam current increases, the output of the second phase-locked loop will reduce the line amplitude, and vice versa, the line amplitude will increase, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic fine-tuning of the line amplitude with the size of the beam current. String 6 In the TDA9332H, the error control voltage output by the second phase-locked loop can be changed through the I2C bus data to achieve special effects adjustment of the horizontal direction of the image; this special effects adjustment is achieved by taking the vertical deflection center as the reference point and adopting the method of increasing the phase shift of the upper and lower half scanning lines line by line. String 1 (3) Geometric distortion correction String 3 The field geometric correction circuit built into the TDA9332H can implement functions such as field width adjustment, S-shaped correction, field slope correction, field offset and field zoom, field roll frame (that is, when the field scan is extended, the image can be moved in the vertical direction), field waiting (that is, the delay of the field scan start point can be adjusted). String 8 The east-west geometric correction of the TDA9332H includes the increase range of line width, the east-west upper angle and parabolic wave ratio, the east-west lower angle and parabolic wave ratio, and the east-west trapezoidal distortion according to the zoom performance. String 3 TDA9332H also has an EHT compensation input signal, which can be used to control the field and E-W output signals, and can also be used to adjust the relative control effect of the two via the I2C bus. String 2 4 Application of TDA9332H in high-end color TV String 2 Figure 3 shows a typical application block diagram of TDA9332H in high-end TV. Ordinary TV signals are converted into double-frequency or line-by-line Y, U, V signals by the scan rate converter. After the signal is added to the 26, 27, and 28 pins of TDA9332H, the R, G, B signals output by the high-definition digital TV set-top box or the R, G, B signals output by the PC are added to the 30, 31, and 32 pins of TDA9332H, and then the signal is processed by the internal RGB-YUV matrix and the switching switch of the video component signal, and a TV signal is selected for transmission. After the R, G, B signals and blanking signals of the OSD are input from pins 35, 36, 37 and 38, they are mixed with the incoming main TV signals, and then white point and brightness control and output buffering are performed. Then, they are output from pins 40, 41 and 42 and transmitted to the final video amplifier TDA6120Q with a bandwidth of 32MHz for power amplification in three ways, and finally added to the cathode of the picture tube. String 7 In order to improve the image quality, the black level extension circuit, blue level extension circuit, white peak limiter and automatic brightness control circuit are also added to the TDA9332H. The ABL voltage detected by the high-voltage winding of the line reverse transformer is amplified by the transistor and added to pin 43; and the black current calibration voltage that reflects the change of the CRT cathode current detected by the final video amplifier is added to pin 44 to automatically calibrate the brightness of the CRT. 5 Conclusion String 4 Since all functions of TDA9332H are controlled by I2C bus, and the application is simple, with few peripheral components, low power consumption and high cost performance. Therefore, this chip has been more and more widely used in various high-end TVs such as progressive scan color TVs and digital high-definition TVs. (1) Clock generator and first phase-locked loop String 2 The clock generator in TDA9332H is composed of a voltage-controlled oscillator and the first phase-locked loop to generate the clock signal required for synchronization and deflection processing. The free oscillation frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator is 880 times (1fH mode) or 440 times (2fH mode) the line frequency of the input signal. The internal voltage-controlled oscillator frequency is determined by the input line synchronization signal and the control potential of the mode selection terminal. String 7 (2) The working principle of the second phase-locked loop and horizontal phase shift String 8After the voltage-controlled oscillator is divided by 880 or 440, the obtained 1fH or 2fH line excitation signal is sent to the second phase-locked loop for phase detection with the line reverse pulse. Its error signal is used to control the phase of the line excitation pulse after internal filtering, and can also be used to correct the horizontal phase offset of the image caused by the change of beam current. In order to correct the line amplitude change caused by the change of beam current, TDA9332H also has a dynamic line amplitude fine-tuning function. After the sampling voltage of the dynamic line amplitude fine-tuning is introduced from one end of the high-voltage winding of the line output transformer to the 14th pin of TDA9332H through a resistor, the change of beam current will cause the potential change of this pin. The internal correction circuit can automatically adjust the reverse pulse phase of the second phase-locked loop according to the potential change of this point. When the beam current increases, the output of the second phase-locked loop will reduce the line amplitude, and vice versa, the line amplitude will increase, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic fine-tuning of the line amplitude with the size of the beam current. String 6 In the TDA9332H, the error control voltage output by the second phase-locked loop can be changed through the I2C bus data to achieve special effects adjustment of the horizontal direction of the image; this special effects adjustment is achieved by taking the vertical deflection center as the reference point and adopting the method of increasing the phase shift of the upper and lower half scanning lines line by line. (3) Geometric distortion correction String 3 The field geometric correction circuit built into the TDA9332H can implement functions such as field width adjustment, S-shaped correction, field slope correction, field offset and field zoom, field roll frame (that is, when the field scan is extended, the image can be moved in the vertical direction), field waiting (that is, the delay of the field scan start point can be adjusted). String 8 The east-west geometric correction of the TDA9332H includes the increase range of line width, the east-west upper angle and parabolic wave ratio, the east-west lower angle and parabolic wave ratio, and the east-west trapezoidal distortion according to the zoom performance. String 3 TDA9332H also has an EHT compensation input signal, which can be used to control the field and E-W output signals, and can also be used to adjust the relative control effect of the two through the I2C bus. String 2 4 Application of TDA9332H in high-end color TVs Figure 3 shows a typical application block diagram of TDA9332H in high-end TVs. Ordinary TV signals are converted into double-frequency or line-by-line Y, U, V signals by the scan rate converter. After the signal is added to the 26, 27, and 28 pins of TDA9332H, the R, G, B signals output by the high-definition digital TV set-top box or the R, G, B signals output by the PC are added to the 30, 31, and 32 pins of TDA9332H, and then the signal is processed by the internal RGB-YUV matrix and the switching switch of the video component signal, and a TV signal is selected for transmission. After the R, G, B signals and blanking signals of the OSD are input from pins 35, 36, 37 and 38, they are mixed with the main TV signals, and then white point and brightness control and output buffering are performed. Then, they are output from pins 40, 41 and 42 and transmitted to the final video amplifier TDA6120Q with a bandwidth of 32MHz for power amplification in three ways, and finally added to the cathode of the picture tube. String 7 In order to improve the image quality, black level extension circuit, blue level extension circuit, white peak limiter and automatic brightness control circuit are added to TDA9332H. The ABL voltage detected by the high-voltage winding of the line reverse transformer is amplified by the transistor and added to pin 43; and the black current calibration voltage detected by the final video amplifier that reflects the change of the CRT cathode current is added to pin 44 to automatically calibrate the brightness of the CRT. 5 Conclusion Since all functions of TDA9332H are controlled by I2C bus, it is simple to use, has few peripheral components, low power consumption and high cost performance. Therefore, this chip has been increasingly widely used in various high-end televisions such as progressive scan color televisions and digital high-definition televisions.
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