Anti-interference design of printed circuit boards | Anti-interference design of printed circuit boards Abstract: This article takes the electromagnetic compatibility of printed circuit boards as the core, analyzes the generation mechanism of electromagnetic interference, and introduces in detail the anti-interference measures that can be taken when designing and assembling printed circuit boards. Keywords: printed circuit board; interference; noise; electromagnetic compatibility Introduction The design quality of printed circuit boards not only directly affects the reliability of electronic products, but also affects the stability of products, and is even the key to the success or failure of the design. Therefore, when designing printed circuit board drawings, in addition to providing correct electrical connections for components in the circuit, the anti-interference of printed circuit boards should also be fully considered. Based on the principle of electromagnetic compatibility, anti-interference design should include three aspects: one is to suppress the noise source, the second is to cut off the noise transmission path, and the third is to reduce the noise sensitivity of the disturbed equipment. The noise suppression of printed circuit boards should start from the design stage and run through a series of links such as circuit schematic design, printed circuit board drawing, component selection, and printed circuit board installation leads. Although each link has different focuses, they echo each other and should be taken seriously. This article mainly introduces how to effectively suppress noise when designing printed circuit boards. Reduce radiated noise When working, printed circuit boards will radiate noise and become a noise source: the signal line in the circuit board is transmitted to the housing through the ground loop, causing resonance, and radiating strong noise from the housing; the circuit board signal radiates noise through the signal cable; the circuit board itself also directly radiates noise. To reduce noise radiation, the following treatments can be taken: (1) Carefully select components. When selecting, pay attention to the aging problem of components and select components with small thermal feedback effects. For high-frequency circuits, appropriate chips should be selected to reduce circuit radiation. When selecting logic devices, their noise tolerance indicators should be fully considered: when considering the noise tolerance of the circuit alone, it is best to use HTL. If power consumption is taken into account, it is appropriate to use CMOS with VDD ≥ 15V. (2) Use multi-layer printed circuit boards. This can achieve an ideal shielding effect from a structural perspective: the middle layer is used as the power line or ground line, the power line is sealed inside the board, and both sides are insulated, so that the switching currents flowing through the upper and lower sides do not affect each other; the inner layer of the printed circuit board is made into a large conductive area, and there is a large electrostatic capacitance between the conductor surfaces, forming a power supply line with extremely low impedance, which can effectively prevent the circuit board from radiating and receiving noise. (3) The printed circuit board is \"fully grounded\". Drawing...
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