ented sampling scheme eliminates dynamic input current
errors and the shortcomings of on-chip buffering through
automatic cancellation of differential input current. This
allows large external source impedances, and rail-to-rail
input signals to be directly digitized while maintaining
exceptional DC accuracy.
The LTC2498 includes a high accuracy temperature sensor
and an integrated oscillator. This device can be configured
to measure an external signal (from combinations of 16
analog input channels operating in single ended or dif-
ferential modes) or its internal temperature sensor. The
integrated temperature sensor offers 1/30th °C resolution
and 2°C absolute accuracy.
The LTC2498 allows a wide common mode input range
(0V to V
CC
), independent of the reference voltage. Any
combination of single-ended or differential inputs can be
selected and the first conversion after a new channel is
selected is valid. Access to the multiplexer output enables
optional external amplifiers to be shared between all analog
inputs and auto calibration continuously removes their
associated offset and drift.
L,
LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks and
No Latency ∆∑ and Easy Drive are trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other
trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
Up to 8 Differential or 16 Single-Ended Inputs
Easy Drive™ Technology Enables Rail-to-Rail
Inputs with Zero Differential Input Current
Directly Digitizes High Impedance Sensors with
Full Accuracy
600nV RMS Noise
Integrated High Accuracy Temperature Sensor
GND to V
CC
Input/Reference Common Mode Range
Programmable 50Hz, 60Hz or Simultaneous
50Hz/60Hz Rejection Mode
2ppm INL, No Missing Codes
1ppm Offset and 15ppm Full-Scale Error
2x Speed Mode (15Hz Using Internal Oscillator)
No Latency: Digital Filter Settles in a Single Cycle,
Even After a New Channel Is Selected
Single Supply 2.7V to 5.5V Operation (0.8mW)
Internal Oscillator
Tiny QFN 5mm
×
7mm Package
applications
n
n
n
n
Direct Sensor Digitizer
Direct Temperature Measurement
Instrumentation
Industrial Process Control
typical application
Data Acquisition System with Temperature Compensation
2.7V TO 5.5V
CH0
CH1
•
•
•
CH7 16-CHANNEL
MUX
CH8
•
•
•
CH15
COM
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
MUXOUT/
ADCIN
IN
+
REF
+
24-BIT
∆Σ
ADC
WITH EASY DRIVE
IN
–
REF
–
V
CC
SDI
SCK
SDO
CS
f
O
OSC
2498 TA01a
Internal Sensor
Absolute Temperature Error
5
4
ABSOLUTE ERROR (°C)
0.1µF
10µF
3
2
1
0
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–55
–30
–5
20
45
70
TEMPERATURE (°C)
95
120
4-WIRE
SPI INTERFACE
MUXOUT/
ADCIN
2498 TA01b
2498fg
For more information
www.linear.com/LTC2498
1
LTC2498
absolute MaxiMuM ratings
(Notes 1, 2)
pin conFiguration
TOP VIEW
GND
GND
31 GND
30 REF
–
29 REF
+
28 V
CC
27 MUXOUTN
39
26 ADCINN
25 ADCINP
24 MUXOUTP
23 CH15
22 CH14
21 CH13
20 CH12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
CH5
CH6
CH7
CH8
CH9
CH10
CH11
SDO
SCK
SDI
CS
f
O
38 37 36 35 34 33 32
GND 1
NC 2
GND 3
GND 4
GND 5
GND 6
COM 7
CH0 8
CH1 9
CH2 10
CH3 11
CH4 12
Supply Voltage (V
CC
) ................................... –0.3V to 6V
Analog Input Voltage
(CH0 to CH15, COM) .................–0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
Reference Input Voltage
ADCINN, ADCINP, MUXOUTP,
MUXOUTN ................................–0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
Digital Input Voltage......................–0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
Digital Output Voltage ...................–0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
Operating Temperature Range
LTC2498C ................................................ 0°C to 70°C
LTC2498I .............................................–40°C to 85°C
LTC2498H .......................................... –40°C to 125°C
Storage Temperature Range .................. –65°C to 150°C
UHF PACKAGE
38-LEAD (5mm
×
7mm) PLASTIC QFN
T
JMAX
= 125°C,
θ
JA
= 34°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 39) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB
orDer inForMation
LEAD FREE FINISH
LTC2498CUHF#PBF
LTC2498IUHF#PBF
LTC2498HUHF#PBF
TAPE AND REEL
LTC2498CUHF#TRPBF
LTC2498IUHF#TRPBF
LTC2498HUHF#TRPBF
PART MARKING*
2498
2498
2498
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
38-Lead (5mm × 7mm) Plastic QFN
38-Lead (5mm × 7mm) Plastic QFN
38-Lead (5mm × 7mm) Plastic QFN
TEMPERATURE RANGE
0°C to 70°C
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. *The temperature grade is identified by a label on the shipping container.
Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to:
http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to:
http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
The
l
denotes the specifications which
apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. (Notes 3, 4)
PARAMETER
Resolution (No Missing Codes)
Integral Nonlinearity
CONDITIONS
0.1V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, –FS ≤ V
IN
≤ +FS (Note 5)
5V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V, V
REF
= 5V, V
IN(CM)
= 2.5V (Note 6)
H Grade
2.7V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V, V
REF
= 2.5V, V
IN(CM)
= 1.25V (Note 6)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Note 14)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, IN
+
= 0.75V
REF
, IN
–
= 0.25V
REF
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, IN
+
= 0.75V
REF
, IN
–
= 0.25V
REF
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, IN
+
= 0.25V
REF
, IN
–
= 0.75V
REF
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, IN
+
= 0.25V
REF
, IN
–
= 0.75V
REF
l
l
l
electrical characteristics (norMal speeD)
MIN
24
TYP
2
1
0.5
10
MAX
10
12
2.5
25
UNITS
Bits
ppm of V
REF
ppm of V
REF
ppm of V
REF
µV
nV/°C
ppm of V
REF
ppm of V
REF
/°C
ppm of V
REF
ppm of V
REF
/°C
2498fg
Offset Error
Offset Error Drift
Positive Full-Scale Error
Positive Full-Scale Error Drift
Negative Full-Scale Error
Negative Full-Scale Error Drift
l
0.1
l
25
0.1
2
For more information
www.linear.com/LTC2498
LTC2498
electrical characteristics (norMal speeD)
PARAMETER
Total Unadjusted Error
CONDITIONS
5V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V, V
REF
= 2.5V, V
IN(CM)
= 1.25V
5V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V, V
REF
= 5V, V
IN(CM)
= 2.5V
2.7V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V, V
REF
= 2.5V, V
IN(CM)
= 1.25V
5.5V < V
CC
< 2.7V, 2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
,
GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Note 13)
T
A
= 27°C (Note 5)
27.8
The
l
denotes the specifications which
apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. (Notes 3, 4)
MIN
TYP
15
15
15
0.6
28.0
93.5
28.2
MAX
UNITS
ppm of V
REF
ppm of V
REF
ppm of V
REF
µV
RMS
mV
µV/°C
Output Noise
Internal PTAT Signal
Internal PTAT Temperature Coefficient
electrical characteristics (2x speeD)
PARAMETER
Resolution (No Missing Codes)
Integral Nonlinearity
Offset Error
Offset Error Drift
Positive Full-Scale Error
Positive Full-Scale Error Drift
Negative Full-Scale Error
Negative Full-Scale Error Drift
Output Noise
CONDITIONS
0.1V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, –FS ≤ V
IN
≤ +FS (Note 5)
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the
full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. (Notes 3, 4)
MIN
24
l
l
TYP
2
1
0.5
100
MAX
10
2
25
UNITS
Bits
ppm of V
REF
ppm of V
REF
mV
nV/°C
ppm of V
REF
ppm of V
REF
/°C
ppm of V
REF
ppm of V
REF
/°C
µV
RMS
5V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V, V
REF
= 5V, V
IN(CM)
= 2.5V (Note 6)
2.7V ≤ V
CC
≤5.5V, V
REF
= 2.5V, V
IN(CM)
= 1.2V (Note 6)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Note 14)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, IN
+
= 0.75V
REF
, IN
–
= 0.25V
REF
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, IN
+
= 0.75V
REF
, IN
–
= 0.25V
REF
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, IN
+
= 0.25V
REF
, IN
–
= 0.75V
REF
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, IN
+
= 0.25V
REF
, IN
–
= 0.75V
REF
5V ≤ V
CC
≤ 2.5V, V
REF
= 5V, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
l
0.1
l
25
0.1
0.85
converter characteristics
PARAMETER
Input Common Mode Rejection DC
Input Common Mode Rejection 60Hz ±2%
Input Common Mode Rejection 50Hz ±2%
Input Normal Mode Rejection 50Hz ±2%
Input Normal Mode Rejection 60Hz ±2%
Input Normal Mode Rejection 50Hz/60Hz ±2%
Reference Common Mode Rejection DC
Power Supply Rejection DC
Power Supply Rejection, 50Hz ±2%
Power Supply Rejection, 60Hz ±2%
CONDITIONS
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. (Note 3)
MIN
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
TYP
MAX
UNITS
dB
dB
dB
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Note 5)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Note 5)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Note 5)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Notes 5, 7)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Notes 5, 8)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Notes 5, 9)
2.5V ≤ V
REF
≤ V
CC
, GND ≤ IN
+
= IN
–
≤ V
CC
(Note 5)
V
REF
= 2.5V, IN
+
= IN
–
= GND
V
REF
= 2.5V, IN
+
= IN
–
= GND (Notes 7, 9)
V
REF
= 2.5V, IN
+
= IN
–
= GND (Notes 8, 9)
140
140
140
110
110
87
120
140
120
120
120
120
120
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
analog input anD reFerence
SYMBOL
IN
+
IN
–
PARAMETER
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. (Note 3)
CONDITIONS
MIN
GND – 0.3V
GND – 0.3V
TYP
MAX
V
CC
+ 0.3V
V
CC
+ 0.3V
UNITS
V
V
Absolute/Common Mode IN
+
Voltage
(IN
+
Corresponds to the Selected Positive Input Channel)
Absolute/Common Mode IN
–
Voltage
(IN
–
Corresponds to the Selected Negative Input Channel
or COM)
2498fg
For more information
www.linear.com/LTC2498
3
LTC2498
analog input anD reFerence
SYMBOL
V
IN
FS
LSB
REF
+
REF
–
V
REF
CS(IN
+
)
CS(IN
–
)
CS(V
REF
)
I
DC_LEAK(IN+)
I
DC_LEAK(IN–)
PARAMETER
Input Voltage Range (IN
+
– IN
–
)
Full Scale of the Input (IN
+
– IN
–
)
Least Significant Bit of the Output Code
Absolute/Common Mode REF
+
Voltage
Absolute/Common Mode REF
–
Voltage
Reference Voltage Range (REF
+
– REF
–
)
IN
+
Sampling Capacitance
IN
–
Sampling Capacitance
V
REF
Sampling Capacitance
IN
+
DC Leakage Current
IN
–
DC Leakage Current
Sleep Mode, IN
+
= GND
Sleep Mode, IN
–
= GND
Sleep Mode, REF
+
= V
CC
Sleep Mode, REF
–
= GND
V
IN
= 2V
P-P
DC to 1.8MHz
l
l
l
l
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. (Note 3)
CONDITIONS
Differential/Single-Ended
Differential/Single-Ended
l
l
l
l
l
l
MIN
–FS
0.5V
REF
FS/2
24
0.1
GND
0.1
TYP
MAX
+FS
UNITS
V
V
V
CC
REF
+
–
0.1V
V
CC
11
11
11
V
V
V
pF
pF
pF
–10
–10
–100
–100
1
1
1
1
50
120
10
10
100
100
nA
nA
nA
nA
ns
dB
I
DC_LEAK(REF+)
REF
+
DC Leakage Current
I
DC_LEAK(REF–)
REF
–
DC Leakage Current
t
OPEN
QIRR
MUX Break-Before-Make
MUX Off Isolation
Digital inputs anD Digital outputs
SYMBOL
V
IH
V
IL
V
IH
V
IL
I
IN
I
IN
C
IN
C
IN
V
OH
V
OL
V
OH
V
OL
I
OZ
PARAMETER
High Level Input Voltage (CS, f
O
, SDI)
Low Level Input Voltage (CS, f
O
, SDI)
High Level Input Voltage (SCK)
Low Level Input Voltage (SCK)
Digital Input Current (CS, f
O
, SDI)
Digital Input Current (SCK)
Digital Input Capacitance (CS, f
O
, SDI)
Digital Input Capacitance (SCK)
High Level Output Voltage (SDO)
Low Level Output Voltage (SDO)
High Level Output Voltage (SCK)
Low Level Output Voltage (SCK)
Hi-Z Output Leakage (SDO)
(Notes 10, 17)
CONDITIONS
2.7V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the
full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. (Note 3)
MIN
l
l
l
l
l
l
TYP
MAX
0.5
UNITS
V
V
V
V
µA
µA
pF
pF
V
2.7V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V (Note 18)
2.7V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V (Notes 10, 15)
2.7V ≤ V
CC
≤ 5.5V (Notes 10, 15)
0V ≤ V
IN
≤ V
CC
0V ≤ V
IN
≤ V
CC
(Notes 10, 15)
V
CC
– 0.5
V
CC
– 0.5
0.5
–10
–10
10
10
10
10
I
O
= –800µA (Notes 10, 17)
I
O
= 1.6mA (Notes 10, 17)
I
O
= –800µA
I
O
= 1.6mA
l
l
l
l
l
V
CC
– 0.5
0.4
V
CC
– 0.5
0.4
–10
10
V
V
V
µA
power requireMents
SYMBOL
V
CC
I
CC
PARAMETER
Supply Voltage
Supply Current
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature
range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. (Note 3)
CONDITIONS
l
MIN
2.7
l
l
l
l
TYP
160
200
1
MAX
5.5
275
300
2
2.5
UNITS
V
µA
µA
µA
µA
2498fg
Conversion Current (Note 12)
Temperature Measurement (Note 12)
Sleep Mode (Note 12)
H-Grade
4
For more information
www.linear.com/LTC2498
LTC2498
Digital inputs anD Digital outputs
SYMBOL
f
EOSC
t
HEO
t
LEO
t
CONV_1
PARAMETER
External Oscillator Frequency Range
External Oscillator High Period
External Oscillator Low Period
Conversion Time for 1x Speed Mode
50Hz Mode
60Hz Mode
Simultaneous 50/60Hz Mode
External Oscillator
50Hz Mode
60Hz Mode
Simultaneous 50/60Hz Mode
External Oscillator
Internal Oscillator (Note 10)
External Oscillator (Notes 10, 11)
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
(Note 10)
Internal Oscillator
External Oscillator
(Note 10)
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
The
l
denotes the specifications which apply over the
full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. (Note 3)
CONDITIONS
(Note 16)
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
MIN
10
0.125
0.125
157.2
131
144.1
78.7
65.6
72.2
TYP
MAX
1000
50
50
UNITS
kHz
µs
µs
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
kHz
kHz
160.3
133.6
146.9
41036/f
EOSC
(in kHz)
80.3
66.9
73.6
163.5
136.3
149.9
81.9
68.2
75.1
t
CONV_2
Conversion Time for 2x Speed Mode
20556/f
EOSC
(in kHz)
38.4
f
EOSC
/8
f
ISCK
D
ISCK
f
ESCK
t
LESCK
t
HESCK
t
DOUT_ISCK
t
DOUT_ESCK
t
1
t
2
t
3
t
4
t
KQMAX
t
KQMIN
t
5
t
6
t
7
t
8
Internal SCK Frequency
Internal SCK Duty Cycle
External SCK Frequency Range
External SCK LOW Period
External SCK High Period
Internal SCK 32-Bit Data Output Time
External SCK 32-Bit Data Output Time
CS↓
to SDO Low
CS↑
to SDO Hi-Z
CS↓
to SCK↑
CS↓
to SCK↑
SCK↓ to SDO Valid
SDO Hold After SCK↓
SCK Set-Up Before
CS↓
SCK Hold After
CS↓
SDI Setup Before SCK↑
SDI Hold After SCK↑
45
125
125
0.81
0.83
256/f
EOSC
(in kHz)
32/f
ESCK
(in kHz)
0
0
0
50
55
4000
%
kHz
ns
ns
0.85
ms
ms
ms
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
200
200
200
200
Internal SCK Mode
External SCK Mode
(Note 5)
l
l
l
l
l
l
15
50
50
100
100
ns
ns
ns
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
l
l
Note 1:
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may
cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum
Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime.
Note 2:
All voltage values are with respect to GND.
Note 3:
V
CC
= 2.7V to 5.5V unless otherwise specified.
V
REFCM
= V
REF
/2, F
S
= 0.5V
REF
V
IN
= IN
+
– IN
–
, V
IN(CM)
= (IN
+
– IN
–
)/2,
where IN
+
and IN
–
are the selected input channels.
Note 4:
Use internal conversion clock or external conversion clock source
with f
EOSC
= 307.2kHz unless other wise specified.
Note 5:
Guaranteed by design, not subject to test.
Note 6:
Integral nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of a code from a
straight line passing through the actual endpoints of the transfer curve. The
deviation is measured from the center of the quantization band.
Note 7:
50Hz mode (internal oscillator) or f
EOSC
= 256kHz ±2% (external oscillator).
Note 8:
60Hz mode (internal oscillator) or f
EOSC
= 307.2kHz ±2% (external
oscillator).
Note 9:
Simultaneous 50Hz/60Hz mode (internal oscillator) or f
EOSC
=
280kHz ±2% (external oscillator).
Note 10:
The SCK can be configured in external SCK mode or internal SCK
mode. In external SCK mode, the SCK pin is used as a digital input and the
driving clock is f
ESCK
. In the internal SCK mode, the SCK pin is used as a
digital output and the output clock signal during the data output is f
ISCK
.
Note 11:
The external oscillator is connected to the f
O
pin. The external
oscillator frequency, f
EOSC
, is expressed in kHz.
Note 12:
The converter uses its internal oscillator.
Note 13:
The output noise includes the contribution of the internal
calibration operations.
Note 14:
Guaranteed by design and test correlation.
Note 15:
The converter is in external SCK mode of operation such that the
SCK pin is used as a digital input. The frequency of the clock signal driving
SCK during the data output is f
ESCK
and is expressed in Hz.
Note 16:
Refer to Applications Information section for performance vs
data rate graphs.
Note 17:
The converter is in internal SCK mode of operation such that the
Input type: Differential, Single Ended Number of inputs: 8,16 Sampling rate (sps): 7.5 A/D Number of digits: 24 24-bit, 8-channel/16-channel ΔΣ ADC with Easy Drive input current cancellation
Hacker: I have controlled your computer. Xiaobai: How? Hacker: With a Trojan horse . Xiaobai: ... Where is it? I can't see it. Hacker: Open your task manager. Xiaobai: ... Where is the task manager? H...
Image Processing and Analysis, Yonghong Jia, Wuhan University : https://training.eeworld.com.cn/course/5404Image Processing and Analysis aims to enrich students' knowledge of image processing and anal...
[size=4]Hi, everyone! Welcome to the post. It’s time to review the highlights of the week! Without further ado, come and read the post! [/size] [size=4] [/size] [size=4][b][color=#ff0000]Recommended e...
[i=s]This post was last edited by Newhor on 2022-4-4 17:49[/i]Bing Dwen Dwen with NFC functionCreative introduction of the work : I saw the creative DIY Bing Dwen Dwen activity in the forum , and I re...
[size=4][color=#000000][backcolor=white]There are three basic elements that form interference: [/backcolor][/color][/size] [size=4][color=#000000][backcolor=white](1) Interference source, which refers...
Driving more power in a small device size is due to advances in semiconductor and packaging technology. A new type of power MOSFET in a top-cooled standard package uses a new generation of semiconduct...[Details]
Hong Kong - Media OutReach - September 20, 2023 - Southco, the world's leading provider of engineered hardware solutions, has launched a new wireless access control system using the Keypanion app to ...[Details]
Recently, Professor Chen Huawei's research group at the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics reported a new magnetic control technology. Aiming at the in-situ motion and position sens...[Details]
As broadband communication systems and other high-performance RF technologies continue to advance, measurement systems must keep pace. In the past, spectrum analysis was sufficient for most general...[Details]
Conversion rate: The number of samples taken per second. Common units: SPS (times per second) KSPS (kilosamples per second) MSPS (millionsamples per second). The faster, the better. Convers...[Details]
Switching power supply
Ripple generation
Our ultimate goal is to reduce the output
ripple
to a tolerable level. The most fundamental solution to achieve thi...[Details]
aim of design First, the conductivity of the liquid is used to simulate the liquid level with buttons, so that the liquid level system can be detected very accurately and the expected purpose can be ...[Details]
Use 89S51 stand-alone P1^0 to output 1KHZ and 500HZ audio signals. 1KHZ signal is required to sound for 100ms, 500HZ signal is required to sound for 200ms alternately. P1^7 is connected to a switch fo...[Details]
With the continuous iteration of technology, the new flagships of major mobile phone manufacturers have gradually made 100-watt fast charging a standard feature. Today, according to digital ...[Details]
1. What is oscilloscope bandwidth? When purchasing, how do we decide how much bandwidth to buy? A: The bandwidth of an oscilloscope is the frequency at which a sinusoidal input signal decays to 70.7...[Details]
Regarding the simulation of temperature and humidity measurement of single-chip DTH11, most of them could not be carried out in the past, and SHT11 was used instead. But in fact, the driving program ...[Details]
During the welding process of LED energy-saving lamps , we often encounter the problem of how to identify the positive and negative poles of the light-emitting diodes. This is particularly impo...[Details]
Any equipment has its own life cycle. At the late stage of the equipment life cycle, the equipment will inevitably age, experience reduced efficiency, and experience more failures, which is not con...[Details]
This article uses the STC8H8K64U microcontroller to be compatible with the STC89C52 traditional development board and design the core board to maximize pin resource allocation. Combined with the grap...[Details]
I logged into Ubuntu as root:
Execute on Ubuntu #apt-get install nfs-kernel-server //Install NFS service
Execute on Ubuntu #mkdir /root/nfs //Create a shared folder
On Ubuntu, ex...[Details]
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