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Introducing a common reversing radar-----Ultrasonic detector
Source: InternetPublisher:他们逼我做卧底 Keywords: Ultrasonic radar Updated: 2024/06/20
This is a kit to solve the problem of reversing. The kit uses ultrasonic waves that are inaudible to human ears to measure the distance between the obstacle and the car.
We install the sensor at the rear of the car, and it can sense the distance between the rear of the car and the rear obstacle when reversing (the obstacle must be at the same height as the sensor). When the preset minimum warning distance is exceeded, the buzzer will sound an alarm.
We install the sensor at the rear of the car, and it can sense the distance between the rear of the car and the rear obstacle when reversing (the obstacle must be at the same height as the sensor). When the preset minimum warning distance is exceeded, the buzzer will sound an alarm.
The parameters are as follows.
Measuring range: 5cm～1.5m
Ranging angle: 5°
Transmitting frequency: 40kHz
Sampling rate: 26Hz
Power supply: 10V～15VDC/6mA (max)
1. Schematic diagram
2. PCB Diagram
3. Installation
1. Physical picture of printed circuit board
2. Install the resistors first
(there are 14 resistors in total). The resistance values of these resistors can be read out by color code or measured with a multimeter. When reading the resistance values using the resistor color code: (1) The numbers represented by each color are: 1 red 2 orange 3 yellow 4 green 5 blue 6 purple 7 gray 8 white 9 black 0. (2) The first color ring (the color ring close to the resistor lead end is the first color ring) represents the first digit of the resistance value; the second color ring represents the second digit of the resistance value; the third color ring represents the number of "0". For example: R1 10MQ resistor, the first color ring brown is 1, the second color ring black is 0, and the third color ring blue represents 6 zeros, which is 10000000Ω, or 10MΩ.
(there are 14 resistors in total). The resistance values of these resistors can be read out by color code or measured with a multimeter. When reading the resistance values using the resistor color code: (1) The numbers represented by each color are: 1 red 2 orange 3 yellow 4 green 5 blue 6 purple 7 gray 8 white 9 black 0. (2) The first color ring (the color ring close to the resistor lead end is the first color ring) represents the first digit of the resistance value; the second color ring represents the second digit of the resistance value; the third color ring represents the number of "0". For example: R1 10MQ resistor, the first color ring brown is 1, the second color ring black is 0, and the third color ring blue represents 6 zeros, which is 10000000Ω, or 10MΩ.
Step 1: Bend the resistor leads with a fine screwdriver or awl.
Step 2: Put all the resistors on the printed circuit board. Then use a 25-40W soldering iron to solder, and be careful not to solder them cold. After soldering, cut off the leads with scissors.
Step 2: Put all the resistors on the printed circuit board. Then use a 25-40W soldering iron to solder, and be careful not to solder them cold. After soldering, cut off the leads with scissors.
3. Then install the capacitor (same steps as above)
The figure below (omitted) shows the magnetic disc capacitors C1-C5 and C7~C9. When measuring with a multimeter, due to the small capacitance, the R×10k block should be selected. The needle cannot swing during measurement, otherwise it means that the capacitor has leakage.
This is the electrolytic capacitors C6 and C10, C11.
Note that electrolytic capacitors have positive and negative poles. The black line on the electrolytic capacitor is the negative pole of the capacitor, and the long pin of the electrolytic capacitor is the positive pole of the capacitor. Do not install it wrong. When measuring electrolytic capacitors, generally select the R×1k block. When measuring positive and negative, the needle has charging and discharging phenomena, which means that the electrolytic capacitor is good.
This is the picture after installing the resistor and capacitor (omitted).
This is the picture after installing the resistor and capacitor (omitted).
4. Install the wiring bracket and IC socket.
The J1 wiring bracket of the P3502S board is 3×2P. The wiring bracket J1 of the P3502B board is 2P+2P, and J2 is 2P+2P. We assemble the wiring brackets according to the diagram, and then insert them into the circuit board and solder them.
When installing the IC socket, please note that the pins of each IC are different.
IC1CD4060 (16P)
IC2CD4020 (16P)
IC3CD4068 (14P)
IC4CD4093 (14P)
IC5CD4049 (16P)
IC6TL074 (14P)
When confirming the IC pin No. 1, follow the IC notch mark. When the IC pin faces you, count the pin numbers 1, 2, 3... in a clockwise direction. Insert the IC correctly into the circuit board and solder it, but do not rush to install the IC to avoid damage. Wait until all soldering is completed and debug before installing the IC integrated circuit.
The J1 wiring bracket of the P3502S board is 3×2P. The wiring bracket J1 of the P3502B board is 2P+2P, and J2 is 2P+2P. We assemble the wiring brackets according to the diagram, and then insert them into the circuit board and solder them.
When installing the IC socket, please note that the pins of each IC are different.
IC1CD4060 (16P)
IC2CD4020 (16P)
IC3CD4068 (14P)
IC4CD4093 (14P)
IC5CD4049 (16P)
IC6TL074 (14P)
When confirming the IC pin No. 1, follow the IC notch mark. When the IC pin faces you, count the pin numbers 1, 2, 3... in a clockwise direction. Insert the IC correctly into the circuit board and solder it, but do not rush to install the IC to avoid damage. Wait until all soldering is completed and debug before installing the IC integrated circuit.
This is the picture after installing the resistor and bracket IC holder (omitted).
5. Finally, install the diodes, transistors and other diodes D1~, there are 5 diodes in total. Use the multimeter R× block to measure the forward and reverse resistance of the diode. The black test lead with the smaller resistance is the positive pole of the diode.
There is only one transistor T1 BC547B
crystal X1: 5MHz
crystal X1: 5MHz
This is the picture after installing RV1, ×1, diode, and transistor (omitted).
Depending on the actual situation of the car, there are two ways to install the sensor:
(1) Vertical installation
(2) Horizontal installation
Install the sensor in the middle of the rear of the car, such as above or below the bumper, or drill a hole in the bumper and install the sensor directly on it. Note: When installing the sensor, make sure it is at a 90° angle to the horizontal plane.
Find a suitable location to fix the motherboard, the closer to the sensor, the better.
After all the circuit boards are installed and soldered, debug them.
(1) Vertical installation
(2) Horizontal installation
Install the sensor in the middle of the rear of the car, such as above or below the bumper, or drill a hole in the bumper and install the sensor directly on it. Note: When installing the sensor, make sure it is at a 90° angle to the horizontal plane.
Find a suitable location to fix the motherboard, the closer to the sensor, the better.
After all the circuit boards are installed and soldered, debug them.
4. Debugging
Connect +, GND, +V, RW, DIS, S1 and S2 on the main board to the corresponding ones on the sensor PCB, and ensure that the distance between the main board and the sensor PCB is about 50cm. Adjust the variable resistor RV1 to the middle position. Supply 12V DC to the GND' "one" and "+" poles. If you use the hand feel test, put a piece of paper in front of the sensor, and you can hear the alarm sound of the buzzer.
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