Ten major changes in the electronic information industry over the past 20 years

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Ten major changes in the electronic information industry over the past 20 years [Copy link]

Ten major changes in the electronic information industry over the past 20 years

2006-06-01 Shenzhen Business Daily

The 20 years from 1986 to 2005 were 20 years of entrepreneurial development of China's electronic information enterprises , and the 20 rankings condensed the development process and changes of the top 100 electronic information enterprises in China. Name change: factory becomes company and group Before the mid -1990s , all enterprises were called "Xiaoya Factory". There were 88 enterprises with the word "factory" as the suffix in their names , which decreased to 6 in 1997 and disappeared in 2003. Today's large enterprises are all export-oriented, joint-stock, and comprehensive large-scale enterprise groups. The entry threshold ranges from 40 million yuan to 1.4 billion yuan In terms of sales revenue scale, the entry threshold for the first top 100 ranking ( 100th place ) was 40 million yuan. By the 20th session, the entry threshold was raised to 1.47 billion yuan, nearly 37 times that of the first session . Enterprise types and ownership are becoming increasingly diversified Before 1993 , the top 100 enterprises were almost all state-owned enterprises. By the 17th session of the top 100 electronic information enterprises, there were about 20 pure state-owned enterprises , 40 collective and private enterprises , 77 modern joint-stock companies , and 63 companies that were directly listed or had listed companies . Changes in power and narrowing of the “gap” between multinational companies Over the past 20 years since the launch of the Top 100 Electronics Enterprises activity , the economic scale has continued to grow, and the comprehensive strength has continued to improve. The total operating income of the Top 100 Electronics Enterprises has increased from 11.6 billion yuan in the first session to 964.3 billion yuan in this session, with an average annual growth of 26.2% . Among this year's top 100 electronic companies, 22 have operating revenues exceeding 10 billion yuan . Among them, Lenovo and Haier are basically close to the entry threshold of the Fortune Global 500 , and BOE, TCL and Huawei are also moving towards 100 billion yuan. Profitability and profit become important indicators The 15th Top 100 Electronic Information Enterprises Ranking in 2001 further required that the annual profit of the shortlisted enterprises should not be less than 10 million yuan, which indicated that the ranking of the Top 100 Electronic Information Enterprises has shifted from focusing on scale development to improving the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises. The total profit of the 20th Top 100 Enterprises was 9.94 billion yuan. The gap between the first and the last ranges from 14 to 74 times In 1987 , the first place in the first top 100 had sales revenue of 576 million yuan, 14 times that of the 100th place . By the 20th session, Lenovo, the first place in the top 100 , had an operating revenue of 108.2 billion yuan, 74 times that of Shandong Zhongchuang, the last place in the list, with a revenue of 1.466 billion yuan . Diversified strategic choices and significant internationalization results Many of the companies that were shortlisted in the previous session were able to be shortlisted again this time, mostly thanks to the implementation of diversified and international development strategies. The export delivery value of the top 100 electronic enterprises in this session reached RMB 245.8 billion, a 33% increase over the previous session. Nearly one -third of the enterprises have overseas revenue accounting for more than half of their total revenue. The industrial structure and industrial chain are becoming increasingly perfect In the first Top 100 Electronic Enterprises, more than 90% of the shortlisted companies were manufacturers engaged in the production of color TV sets and supporting parts. In the 20th Top 100 Electronic Enterprises, more than 3/4 of the companies were engaged in the research and development and production of integrated circuits, software, computers, communication products, system integration, new display devices, and new components . Investment in technological innovation and R&D increases year by year The current top 100 electronics companies invested 35.63 billion yuan in R&D in 2005 , up 15% from the previous year and 1.4 times more than in 2000 ; the intensity of R&D investment ( the proportion of R&D funds to operating income ) reached 3.7% , up 0.4 percentage points from 2000 and higher than the industry average. The leading role of industrial layout is prominent In 2005 , the top 100 electronics companies sold 67.08 million color TV sets, accounting for 81.0% of the industry; 34.04 million lines of program-controlled switches , accounting for 49.1% of the industry ; 16.65 million computers, accounting for 20.6% of the industry ; 13.12 million refrigerators, accounting for 40% of the industry ; and 27.626 million air conditioners, accounting for 41% of the industry .