Analysis of hot spots and trends of broadband wireless technology

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Analysis of hot spots and trends of broadband wireless technology [Copy link]

The great success of mobile communications in the world has promoted the development of various broadband wireless technologies . The world's wireless technology is entering the broadband world. At present, 3G technology has been mature and commercialized, WiMAX has become a new hot spot, and other short-range broadband wireless technologies have also emerged. 　　 3G technology is basically mature 　　and is moving towards high bandwidth and IP. 　　As a broadband technology for mobile networks , 3G will become the main direction of development for wireless operators in the next step. At present, 3G technology is basically mature and has entered a large-scale construction period around the world. Enhanced technology is constantly developing, and the IP integration process of the network layer has begun. 　　1. At present, WCDMA and cdma2000 related technologies are relatively mature. TD-SCDMA has also made important progress. In 2005, WCDMA continued to develop steadily, and the commercial network developed rapidly, but the number of users increased relatively slowly. As of April 2005, 17 operators had launched CDMA20001xEV-DO services, with 12.9 million users. 　　China's TD-SCDMA has made breakthrough progress in systems, chips and terminals. The basic functions of TD-SCDMA system equipment have been realized and the performance is stable. Many mobile phone manufacturers can provide mobile phones in small batches by the end of the year. The preparations for the commercialization of TD-SCDMA have also been basically completed, and the industry scale of annual production of base station systems with millions of channels has been initially achieved. 　　2. At present, the development of 3G enhanced technology has become a hot spot, and 3G itself has evolved to a higher bandwidth capability. 3G enhanced technology E3G has achieved rapid development in recent years. 3GPP held a workshop in November 2004 and deployed 3G Long Term Evolution (LTE) in December 2004 to promote the development of 3G technology in terms of transmission rate, business support capability, spectrum utilization, etc. At present, 3GPP2 has also formulated a similar plan. 　　3. In addition to the development of wireless access rate, IMS has also become a content that has received widespread attention and been vigorously promoted at the network level. IMS is defined by 3GPP in its R5 version. It defines the network structure of the R5 core network evolving to full IP. Its core features are the use of SIP protocol and access independence. IMS is a product of the combination of the Internet's business model and the traditional telecommunications network's management model. It not only has the Internet's rich and flexible service provision capabilities, but also inherits the traditional telecommunications network's rigorous management system and excellent service quality. IMS actually reflects a trend of network convergence and reflects the NGN network and service separation principle of network construction. The proposal and development of IMS will promote 3G networks to move towards IP packetization and move towards the next generation of integrated networks that integrate fixed and wireless networks. 　　At present, due to the technical charm of IMS, 3GPP2 has also accepted this concept. As a result, the future 3G core network will get rid of the shackles of different access standards and achieve unification at the network level. 　　 WiMAX Becomes a New Hotspot 　　and Brings a Shake to the Wireless Industry As the hottest topic 　　in the wireless communication industry recently, WiMAX has also become a new hotspot and is favored by many manufacturers.　　1. WiMAX Evolves to Mobility. At present, WiMAX is developing support for mobility, and IEEE is actively developing 802.16e. 802.16d is a fixed wireless access technology, while 802.16e aims to be a mobile broadband wireless access technology, including: supporting vehicle speeds of 120km/h; providing broadband access of tens of Mbit/s; and generally covering a few kilometers. Currently, only the physical layer and MAC layer of the wireless interface are standardized, which is expected to be completed by the middle of next year, and the standardization of the core network is still unclear.　　2. WiMAX will not end 3G. The goals of 802.16 overlap with 3G, 3G enhanced and B3G, and are changing dynamically. From a comprehensive analysis of standardization, product maturity, market application and spectrum conditions, the dominant position of cellular mobile communications such as 3G and its enhanced and B3G is difficult to shake, but the demand for broadband wireless access is also increasing. In general, the 802 series standards will complement and develop together with mobile communications, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects.　　From the perspective of application characteristics, 3G and its enhanced technologies have the characteristics of ubiquity (continuous coverage) and mobility, and are good at providing full services (voice and data) with high data rates. The characteristics of WiMAX are hotspot coverage, nomadic mobility or limited mobility; data services are the main focus, and the data rate is high. B3G is based on cellular mobile communication technology, and integrates multiple wireless technologies; it has full services, high data rates, and continuous coverage. Possible applications of WiMAX include: access to mobile communication networks and fixed network wireless broadband access. In general, 3G, WiMAX, and B3G are technologies launched at different times to meet different rates and different needs, and they are complementary and coexist.

The rapid development of short-range wireless 　　 technology has penetrated into a wide range of fields. 　　At present, various short-range wireless technologies are also developing rapidly. In addition to traditional communications, their applications are also widely penetrating into various fields such as home networks , industry, transportation, and commerce. As an ultra-high-speed short-range wireless access technology, UWB has been supported by giants such as Intel. RFID-related products and solutions are also emerging. 　　Ultra-wideband UWB is a carrier-free communication technology that uses non-sinusoidal narrow pulses from nanoseconds to picoseconds to transmit data. By transmitting extremely low-power signals over a wider spectrum, UWB can achieve a data transmission rate of hundreds of megabits to several gigabits per second within a range of about 10 meters. UWB has many advantages such as strong anti-interference performance, high transmission rate, extremely wide bandwidth, low power consumption, good confidentiality, and very low transmission power. Its main applications include indoor communications, high-speed wireless LAN, home networks, cordless phones, security detection, location determination, radar, etc. At present, Intel is conducting research and development to integrate UWB into personal computer chipsets. NEC, Toshiba and other companies have also entered the application field of UWB. 　　In addition to UWB, some short-range wireless access technologies are also entering people's work and life. RFID is rapidly promoted in logistics and commercial fields. Bluetooth technology hasplayed a role in electronic consumption, catering and entertainment 　　 , and ZigBee and other technologies will also be used in home appliance control, industrial applications and other fields. Broadband has become the main driving force of the wireless industry. 　　Multiple technologies are gradually developing in an integrated manner. 　　New technologies, new solutions and new applications in the wireless field have emerged one after another, revealing the future of the wireless communication industry to the world. We might as well make some predictions about the development pattern of the wireless industry in the near future. 　　First of all, in the near future and even in the next 15 years, the construction and development of 3G networks will become the main development trend of global mobile communications and even the entire wireless field. Since the current mainstream 3G technology has mature commercial capabilities, and the enhanced 3G technology will also have the ability to build a network, as the cost of 3G equipment continues to decrease, the cost-effectiveness of using 3G with stronger business support capabilities to build mobile networks is gradually exceeding that of 2G technology. At present, the construction of 3G networks has been launched on a large scale around the world. Although the development is still relatively slow in many countries, this generational change process is unstoppable. As for whether to go beyond 3G and directly enter the broadband 4G, more and more voices believe that this is unrealistic and deviates from the law of market development. 　　Secondly, the rapid development of wireless communications will gradually shrink the narrowband fixed network market, broadband services will gradually become the main business of fixed networks, and wireless access will dominate the future. With the rapid development of wireless communication technology and the intensification of market competition, the service price of wireless access will continue to decline. Due to the highly personalized and liberalized advantages of wireless access, the narrowband voice access service of fixed phones will gradually be replaced by wireless methods in this context. In the future, fixed networks will mainly move towards the broadband market, and fixed networks will become the backbone transmission network for various wired and wireless access methods. 　　Finally, the process of convergence and integration will become a major trend in the future development of the entire wireless field. With the further promotion of IP technology, the promotion of fixed network packetization, and the increasing demand for fixed and wireless network upgrades, fixed and mobile convergence based on the next generation network concept will gradually advance with the commercialization of 3G networks and further upgrades. In the R5 standard version of 3GPP, the packetization method of the core network is clearly proposed. The introduction and promotion of IMS technology will unify various standard 3G networks on a network platform and realize integration with fixed networks on the NGN architecture. The mutual penetration and evolution of 3G/B3G and WLAN, WiMAX, UWB and other technologies will move towards a complementary direction. These technologies will also realize the diversification and integration of the access layer based on the NGN architecture platform, and realize optimized service support for users in different environments and with different needs. 　　In short, the development of the wireless field in the future will be reflected in two core points: the first is the broadband based on IP, which has become the main driving force for the innovation and development of wireless communications today and tomorrow; the second is the integration and integration of multiple access technologies, which has become an important trend and further promoted the healthy and prosperous development of the wireless field.

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