An important symbol of automobile development--modern automobile electronic technology

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An important symbol of automobile development--modern automobile electronic technology [Copy link]

Automotive electronics is considered a revolution in the development of automotive technology. The degree of automotive electronics is considered an important indicator of the level of modern automobiles and the most important technical measure for developing new models and improving automobile performance. Automakers believe that increasing the number of automotive electronic devices and promoting automotive electronics are important and effective means to seize the future automotive market.

According to statistics, from 1989 to 2000, the proportion of electronic devices in the total automobile manufacturing cost per car increased from 16% to more than 23%. Some luxury cars use as many as 48 single-chip microcomputers, and electronic products account for more than 50% of the total vehicle cost. Currently, the application of electronic technology has penetrated almost all systems of the car.

According to the impact on the driving performance of the car, automotive electronic products can be divided into two categories: one is automotive electronic control devices, which are used in conjunction with the mechanical system on the car, that is, the so-called "mechanical and electrical combination" automotive electronic devices; they include engine, chassis, and body electronic control. For example, electronic fuel injection system, anti-lock braking control, anti-skid control, traction control, electronic control suspension, electronic control automatic transmission, electronic power steering, etc. The other is on-board automotive electronic devices, which are electronic devices that can be used independently in the car environment and have no direct relationship with the performance of the car itself. They include car information systems (driving computers), navigation systems, car audio and TV entertainment systems, car communication systems, Internet access devices, etc.

At present, the development direction of electronic technology is towards centralized integrated control: integrating the engine management system and the automatic transmission control system into the integrated control of the powertrain system (PCM); integrating the anti-lock braking control system (ABS), traction control system (TCS) and anti-skid control system (ASR) for braking control; connecting the braking, suspension, steering, powertrain and other control systems through the bus through the central chassis controller. The controller coordinates each subsystem through complex control operations to control the vehicle's driving performance to the optimal level, forming an integrated chassis control system (UCC).

Due to the rapid increase in the number of electronic and electrical devices on automobiles, in order to reduce the number and weight of connecting wires, network and bus technologies have made great progress during this period. Communication lines connect various automotive electronic devices into a network, sending and receiving information through the data bus. In addition to independently completing their own control functions, electronic devices can also provide data services for other control devices. Due to the use of networked design, wiring is simplified, the number of electrical nodes and the amount of wires are reduced, the assembly work is simplified, and the reliability of information transmission is increased. Through the data bus, any electronic control device can be accessed, and the fault code can be read to diagnose the fault, making the maintenance of the whole vehicle easier.

The application of automotive electronic technology will bring about the following major changes in automobiles:

First, the mechanical structure of the car will also undergo major changes, with various control systems of the car moving towards electronic and electric development to achieve "wire control". Wires will replace the original mechanical transmission mechanism, such as "wire braking", "wire steering", "electronic throttle", etc.

2. Transformation of 12-volt power supply system of automobiles to 42-volt. With more and more electronic devices in automobiles, the power consumption is increasing significantly. The existing 12-volt power supply can no longer meet the needs of all electrical systems in automobiles. In the future, an integrated starter-generator 42-volt power supply system will be adopted, and the maximum output power of the generator will be increased from the current 1 kilowatt to about 8 kilowatts, and the power generation efficiency will reach more than 80%. The implementation of the new standard of 42-volt automobile electrical system will bring about major changes in the design and structure of automobile electrical components, and mechanical relays and fuse protection circuits will be eliminated.

The application of automotive electronic technology will make cars more intelligent. Smart cars are equipped with a variety of sensors that can fully perceive the status of drivers and passengers, information about traffic facilities and the surrounding environment, determine whether the occupants are in the best condition, whether the vehicle and people are in danger, and take corresponding measures in time.

Today, society has entered the information network era. People hope that cars are not only a means of transportation, but also an extension of their lives and work. In the car, they can listen to the radio, make phone calls, surf the Internet, and handle work, just like staying in their own office and home. With the advancement of digital technology, cars will also enter the multimedia era. The on-board computer multimedia system developed using the Windows operating system has functions such as information processing, communication, navigation, anti-theft, language recognition, image display and entertainment. In the foreseeable future, cars will be equipped with automatic navigation and assisted driving systems. The driver can input the destination of the car into the car computer, and the car will drive along the best driving route to the destination. People can operate various facilities in the car through the language recognition system, while driving the car, they can enjoy music TV, and they can also go online to book tables and air tickets.