In this online lecture, we use Thorsten Leemhuis's opening speech at FOSDEM 2020 "Linux kernel – Solving big problems in small steps for more than 20 years" as the main axis, and try to summarize the Linux kernel version 2.4 since the first year of the 21st century. As of today's 5.x version, how do core developers overcome the problems of SMP, scalability, various hardware architectures and peripheral device support? In the process, they proposed to completely remove BKL (Big kernel lock) and implement virtualization technology ( Such as Xen and KVM), proposed namespace and cgroups to establish the ability of containerization (container), and then the core development star technology eBPF will bring XDP and what amazing mechanisms on the existing basis? In addition, the Linux core has finally been officially incorporated into PREEMPT_RT, which has been in development for more than ten years, making the Linux core a hard real-time operating system. What impact will it have on the internal design? The successor of AIO, io_uring, allows Linux to have more elegant and efficient asynchronous I/O access. How should we think about it?
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