What kind of excitation transformer should be used for self-excited generator?

The self-excited generator is a common type of generator, which is characterized by generating excitation current through its own magnetic field. In the self-excited generator, the excitation transformer is a key component, which converts the output voltage of the generator into a voltage suitable for the excitation system. Selecting a suitable excitation transformer is crucial to the stable operation and performance of the generator. This article will introduce in detail the selection principles, performance requirements, structural characteristics, common problems and solutions of the excitation transformer of the self-excited generator.

1. Selection principles of excitation transformer for self-excited generator

1. Voltage level matching

The input voltage of the excitation transformer should match the output voltage of the generator. When selecting, the rated voltage of the excitation transformer needs to be determined based on the rated voltage of the generator and the voltage required by the excitation system.

1. Adaptability of capacity

The capacity of the excitation transformer should meet the power required by the generator excitation system. When selecting, the rated capacity of the excitation transformer needs to be determined based on the rated capacity of the generator and the power requirements of the excitation system.

1. Frequency consistency

The frequency of the excitation transformer should be consistent with the output frequency of the generator. When selecting, the rated frequency of the excitation transformer needs to be determined according to the rated frequency of the generator.

1. Reasonableness of short-circuit impedance

The short-circuit impedance of the excitation transformer should be moderate to ensure the stability and reliability of the excitation system. When selecting the type, the short-circuit impedance of the excitation transformer needs to be determined based on the generator's parameters and the requirements of the excitation system.

1. Temperature rise controllability

The excitation transformer generates heat during operation, and its temperature rise needs to be controlled within a reasonable range. When selecting the excitation transformer, the heat dissipation method and temperature rise limit of the excitation transformer need to be considered.

2. Performance requirements for excitation transformer of self-shunt generator

1. High efficiency

The excitation transformer should have high efficiency to reduce energy loss and improve the operating efficiency of the generator .

1. Low noise

The excitation transformer should have low noise during operation to meet environmental protection requirements and reduce the impact on the surrounding environment.

1. High reliability

The excitation transformer should have high reliability, be able to operate stably under various working conditions and reduce the failure rate.

1. Good heat dissipation performance

The excitation transformer will generate heat during operation and needs to have good heat dissipation performance to ensure its long-term stable operation.

1. Easy to maintain

The structure of the excitation transformer should be simple and easy to maintain and repair.

3. Structural characteristics of the excitation transformer of the self-excited generator

1. Core structure

The core of the excitation transformer is usually made of laminated silicon steel sheets, which has good magnetic permeability and low loss characteristics.

1. Winding structure

The windings of the excitation transformer are usually made of copper wire or aluminum wire, which has high conductivity and good heat dissipation performance.

1. Insulation structure

The insulation structure of the excitation transformer should meet the requirements of high voltage and high frequency, and usually uses materials such as insulating paper and insulating oil.

1. Cooling method

The cooling methods of the excitation transformer include natural cooling, air cooling, water cooling, etc., which are selected according to its capacity and operating environment.

1. Protective devices

The excitation transformer is usually equipped with overload protection, short circuit protection, temperature protection and other devices to ensure its safe and stable operation.

4. Common problems and solutions of excitation transformer of self-excited generator

1. Overload problem

The excitation transformer may encounter overload problems during operation, causing its temperature to rise and affecting its stability. The solution is to reasonably select the capacity of the excitation transformer to ensure that it operates under rated conditions.

1. Short circuit problem

The excitation transformer may encounter short circuit problems during operation, causing it to be damaged. The solution is to reasonably select the short circuit impedance of the excitation transformer to ensure that it can withstand short circuit conditions.

1. Temperature rise problem

The excitation transformer generates heat during operation. If the temperature rise is too high, it will affect its stability and life. The solution is to optimize the heat dissipation structure of the excitation transformer and improve its heat dissipation performance.

1. Noise issues

The excitation transformer may generate noise during operation, affecting the surrounding environment. The solution is to optimize the structural design of the excitation transformer and reduce its noise level.

1. Maintenance Issues

The excitation transformer needs regular maintenance and overhaul during use to ensure its long-term stable operation. The solution is to simplify the structural design of the excitation transformer to facilitate maintenance and overhaul.

V. Conclusion

The selection and design of the excitation transformer of a self-shunt generator is crucial to the stable operation and performance of the generator. When selecting, factors such as voltage level, capacity, frequency, short-circuit impedance, temperature rise, etc. need to be considered to ensure that the performance of the excitation transformer meets the requirements of the generator. At the same time, the structural design of the excitation transformer should have the characteristics of good heat dissipation performance, low noise, high reliability, etc. In practical applications, it is also necessary to pay attention to the common problems of the excitation transformer and adopt corresponding solutions to ensure its long-term stable operation.