What are the hardware components of industrial control computers?

Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) is a computer system designed specifically for industrial environments, with the characteristics of high reliability, high stability, and high real-time performance. In the fields of industrial automation and intelligent manufacturing, industrial personal computers play an important role. This article will introduce the hardware composition of industrial personal computers in detail.

1. Overview

The hardware components of industrial control computers mainly include the following parts: motherboard, CPU, memory, hard disk, power supply, input/output devices, expansion card, chassis, etc. These parts will be introduced in detail below.

2. Motherboard

1. The role of the motherboard

The motherboard is the core component of the industrial control computer. It connects the various hardware devices of the computer and plays a role in coordination and management. The performance of the motherboard directly affects the performance of the entire computer system.

1. Motherboard classification

According to the size and interface type of the motherboard, the motherboard of the industrial control computer can be divided into the following categories:

(1) ATX motherboard: larger in size, suitable for large industrial control computers.

(2) Micro-ATX motherboard: small in size, suitable for small and medium-sized industrial control computers.

(3) Mini-ITX motherboard: The smallest size, suitable for compact industrial control computers.

1. The main components of the motherboard

(1) CPU slot: used to install the CPU.

(2) Memory slot: used to install memory modules.

(3) Expansion slot: used to install expansion cards, such as graphics cards, network cards, etc.

(4) Hard disk interface: used to connect the hard disk.

(5) I/O interface: including USB port, serial port, parallel port, etc.

(6) Power interface: used to connect the power supply.

(7) BIOS chip: stores the basic input and output system of the motherboard.

(8) Clock chip: used to control the clock signal of the motherboard.

(9) Network chip: used to realize network communication functions.

3. CPU

1. The role of CPU

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the industrial control computer, responsible for executing program instructions and processing data.

1. CPU Classification

According to the CPU architecture and performance, the CPU of industrial control computers can be divided into the following categories:

(1) x86 architecture CPU: such as Intel's Core series, AMD's Ryzen series, etc.

(2) ARM architecture CPU: such as NVIDIA's Jetson series, Qualcomm's Snapdragon series, etc.

(3) MIPS architecture CPU: such as Loongson series, etc.

1. The main performance indicators of CPU

(1) Main frequency: CPU clock frequency, in GHz.

(2) Number of cores: The number of processors inside the CPU.

(3) Cache: High-speed memory inside the CPU used to store instructions and data.

(4) Power consumption: The amount of electrical energy consumed by the CPU when it is working.

Memory

1. The role of memory

Memory is the temporary storage of industrial control computers, used to store running programs and data.

1. Classification of memory

According to the type and interface of memory, the memory of industrial control computers can be divided into the following categories:

(1) DDR memory: such as DDR3, DDR4, etc.

(2) SDRAM memory: such as SDRAM, DDR2, etc.

(3) RAMBUS memory: such as RDRAM, etc.

1. Key performance indicators of memory

(1) Capacity: The size of the memory storage space, in GB.

(2) Frequency: The operating frequency of the memory, in MHz.

(3) Timing: Memory delay time, unit is CL.

(4) Voltage: The operating voltage of the memory.

5. Hard disk

1. The role of hard disk

Hard Disk Drive (HDD) is the permanent storage of industrial control computers, used to store operating systems, applications and data.

1. Hard disk classification

According to the interface and performance of the hard disk, the hard disk of industrial control computers can be divided into the following categories:

(1) SATA hard disk: such as 7200 rpm, 5400 rpm, etc.

(2) SSD hard disk: such as SSD with NVMe and SATA interface.

(3) HDD hard disk: such as enterprise level, desktop level, etc.

1. The main performance indicators of hard disk

(1) Capacity: The storage space size of the hard disk, measured in TB.

(2) Rotational speed: The rotational speed of the hard disk, measured in RPM.

(3) Cache: The high-speed cache memory of the hard disk, measured in MB.

(4) Interface type: such as SATA, SAS, etc.

6. Power supply

1. The role of power supply

The Power Supply Unit (PSU) is the energy supply device of the industrial control computer, which is responsible for converting the input AC power into the DC power required by the computer.

1. Power supply classification

According to the power and interface of the power supply, the power supply of industrial control computers can be divided into the following categories:

(1) ATX power supply: suitable for ATX motherboard.

(2) Micro-ATX power supply: suitable for Micro-ATX motherboard.

(3) Mini-ITX power supply: suitable for Mini-ITX motherboard.

1. Main performance indicators of power supply

(1) Power: The output power of the power supply, in W.

(2) Efficiency: The energy conversion efficiency of the power supply.

(3) Certification: such as 80 PLUS certification, etc.

(4) Interface: such as 24pin, 8pin, etc.