Is the brushless motor necessarily a permanent magnet? The difference between a DC permanent magnet motor and a brushless motor

Are brushless motors always permanent magnet?

Brushless motors are not necessarily permanent magnet motors. Brushless motors are motors that control the direction and size of the current through an electronic commutator to achieve control of the motor rotor. Usually, brushless motors use permanent magnets or electromagnets to generate a magnetic field to achieve the rotation of the motor rotor. Among them, brushless motors that use permanent magnets to generate a magnetic field are called brushless DC permanent magnet motors, while brushless motors that use electromagnets to generate a magnetic field are called brushless AC synchronous motors.

Therefore, brushless motors can be permanent magnet motors or electromagnet motors. Different types of brushless motors differ in application scenarios, performance, cost, etc., and need to be selected according to actual needs.

The difference between DC permanent magnet motor and brushless motor

DC permanent magnet motors and brushless motors are two different types of motors with the following differences:

Different structures: DC permanent magnet motors use a traditional brush structure to transfer current to the rotor through the brushes to drive the motor to rotate; while brushless motors control the movement of the rotor through an internal electronic commutator and do not require a brush structure.

The working principles are different: the magnetic field of the DC permanent magnet motor comes from the permanent magnet, while the magnetic field of the brushless motor comes from the internal electromagnet or permanent magnet.

Different stability: Since the electronic commutator of the brushless motor can achieve more precise control, the speed and torque of the brushless motor are more stable. The brushes of the DC permanent magnet motor are prone to wear and failure, resulting in unstable speed and torque.

Different service life: Since brushless motors do not have brush structures, they have a longer service life and are easier to maintain. However, the brushes of DC permanent magnet motors need to be replaced regularly.

Different application scenarios: Brushless motors are usually used in high-performance, high-precision occasions, such as medical equipment, automation equipment, etc.; while DC permanent magnet motors are more commonly used in some low-power, low-cost occasions with low stability requirements, such as small household appliances, toys, etc.

The appropriate motor type needs to be selected according to the specific application scenario and requirements.

Can a permanent magnet DC motor be directly connected to 220V power?

Permanent magnet DC motors generally cannot be directly connected to a 220V power supply because they require a DC power supply to work properly. Connecting a 220V AC power supply directly to a permanent magnet DC motor will cause damage to the motor.

Usually, in order to convert 220V AC power into a DC power supply suitable for permanent magnet DC motors, a power adapter or DC power module is required. A power adapter is a device that converts 220V AC power into a lower voltage DC power supply, which can provide a suitable power supply for permanent magnet DC motors. A DC power module is a DC power supply specially designed for permanent magnet DC motors, which can usually be adjusted according to the specific motor parameters to meet the working requirements of the motor.

It is necessary to select suitable power supply equipment according to the specific permanent magnet DC motor parameters and working requirements to ensure that the motor can work normally and avoid damage.