Different motor control methods for open-loop motors and closed-loop motors

An open-loop motor is a motor without feedback control, also known as a non-closed-loop motor. Its output speed and position are determined by the input control signal, and there is no position or speed feedback loop to control the output. Its characteristics are low cost, simple structure, large speed fluctuation and large error, and it is suitable for some application scenarios that do not require accuracy and small load changes.

The structure of an open-loop motor includes a power supply, a controller, and a driver. The controller receives the input signal and converts it into a signal that the motor can understand, and the driver converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to make the motor rotate.

Open-loop motors are suitable for some simpler application scenarios, such as parts conveying, assembly lines, etc., where the accuracy requirements are not high and the load changes are small. Open-loop motors can provide a more convenient solution. However, in applications that require high accuracy or large load changes, closed-loop motors are more suitable.

Open-loop motor and closed-loop motor are two different motor control methods. The differences between them are as follows:

1. Open-loop motor control method: Open-loop motor refers to the output signal of the motor control system without feedback, which can generally be achieved through a simple controller or driver. For example, the traditional DC motor is an open-loop control motor. This kind of motor can only control the speed or position of the motor by inputting a control signal, and cannot automatically adjust the output signal of the controller. Therefore, open-loop motors often need to be manually calibrated to meet specific control requirements.

2. Closed-loop motor control method: Closed-loop motor refers to the output signal of the control system that can be automatically adjusted according to the actual situation of the motor to make the operation state more stable and accurate. This kind of motor usually needs to use sensors to feedback information such as the position, speed and acceleration of the motor, and use the controller to perform closed-loop control based on this information to achieve more accurate operation. The control accuracy and robustness of closed-loop motors are much higher than those of open-loop motors, so they are often used in demanding automation application environments. For example, servo motors and stepper motors are common closed-loop motors.