Analysis of the current technical level and development status of small power motors

　　With the rapid development of science and technology and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, small-power motors are widely used as a power drive source and occupy an increasingly important position in the economic development of countries around the world. This industry has contributed to the economic development of many industrial countries. Development takeoff plays an important role.

　　Our country's small-power motors have developed from simple production, single performance, and small-scale production to high-tech products that are widely used in new materials, electronics, and electrical technologies. The production and manufacturing base of power motors. my country's small-power motors all adopt international standards or foreign advanced standards. They are equivalent to or refer to international standards such as IEC60072, IEC60034 and MG1 American NEMA standards, and the physical quality reaches or exceeds the internationally advanced similar products. level and strong international competitiveness.

　　The main manufacturers of small-power motors in my country also have a lot of independent intellectual property rights and core technologies, and have high scientific and technological content.

　　The following are several stages of the technical development of small-power motors in my country:

　　1. Start the production stage of small power motors

　　At this stage, the former First Ministry of Machinery Industry established a motor research laboratory at the Beijing Electrical Apparatus Research Institute, specializing in the research and development of small-power electric motors, and attached a corresponding trial production factory. This was the earliest development and small-scale production of small-power motors in China. The mechanism of the electric motor. At this time, there was no factory in China that specialized in manufacturing such electric motors. my country's first generation of low-power motors were manufactured in the workshop of the Institute of Electrical Appliances and a few factories that manufacture conventional motors. They mainly include hysteresis motors, motor amplifiers, self-aligning machines, rotary transformers, AC servo motors, and Frequency generators, shaded pole synchronous motors and AC commutator motors, etc., but the output is very small and the technical strength is very weak.

　　2. The formation of small-power motor industry

　　At this stage, many factories specializing in the production of small-power motors were built, such as Chengdu Micromotor Factory, Beijing Micromotor Factory, Tianjin Micromotor Factory, Shanghai Micromotor Factory, Boshan Motor Factory, Shuguang Motor Factory, etc. At this time, several related research institutes were also established, such as Shanghai Micromotor Research Institute, Xi'an Micromotor Research Institute, Guangzhou Fractional Horsepower Motor Research Institute, etc., and organized mass production of several low-power motors designed by the former Soviet Union. At the same time, scientific research work has been strengthened on related basic technologies, and the results achieved have laid the foundation for the design of a new generation of low-power motors. For example, the performance of the motor is improved, the windings are distributed according to harmonics, the accuracy of the linear resolver is improved, and so on.

　　3. Rapid development stage of small power motors

　　Due to the increasing demand for various household appliances and audio equipment, the widespread application and popularization of microcomputers, the development of office automation, the need for industrial modernization, the technological transformation of old enterprises, etc., the production of small-power motors has put extremely high demands on them. Require. Obviously, the original production capacity of small-power electric motors is far from meeting the requirements, and there is an urgent need to formulate plans for large-scale expansion and technological transformation of this industry. At that time, technologically advanced equipment was introduced from abroad and some new factories were built, thus changing the backwardness of the past and forming an industry based on mass production.

　　4. Gradually integrating into the stage of globalization

　　With the further deepening of my country's reform and opening up and the accession to the WTO, my country's small-power motors have ushered in a new stage of development. At this stage, a large number of foreign-funded enterprises have entered our country, bringing us advanced management experience as well as Comes advanced technology and production equipment. Domestic enterprises took the opportunity to absorb and introduce advanced foreign technologies, invested a lot of money in technological transformation, and introduced many advanced manufacturing equipment and testing equipment, which greatly improved the technical level of the domestic small-power motor industry.

　　With the extensive application of computer-aided design and auxiliary manufacturing technology using software such as CAD/CAM, as well as the combination of computer-controlled flexible manufacturing systems, main warehouses, and robot assembly, computer-controlled supply management of materials and components has reached a high level in the entire factory. With the realization of efficient, high-quality, fully automated and balanced production, product development and production cycles are greatly shortened, and manufacturing costs are significantly reduced;

　　The development of electronic computers and power electronics technology has brought low-power motor products into a new era. AC variable frequency speed regulation has gradually replaced DC motor speed regulation. Inverters and asynchronous motors are integrated into one, and there are standard motor installation dimensions and speed regulation ratios. 10:1 inverter motors have been industrially produced. Intelligent motors with program control functions, switched reluctance motors, etc. have been used in various fields, showing significant technical advantages. Brushless DC motors, disc permanent magnet DC motors, Products such as thin, stable-speed motors are also developing at a relatively high speed;

　　Coupled with the use of new rare earth magnets, the size of the low-power motor is getting smaller and smaller; furthermore, the introduction of the integration technology of the motor and the overall structure further reduces the size, simplifies the structure, and improves system accuracy and reliability. , a low-power motor that integrates electronic technology, microelectronics technology, and sensor technology can not only achieve multi-functions, but also improve motor control accuracy and sensitivity with the help of computer memory, calculation, and processing functions, becoming an intelligent product. The application of all these new materials and new technologies continues to promote the development of small-power motors in the direction of thinning, intelligence and mechatronics.

　　While low-power motor technology continues to develop, its manufacturing technology level, materials and components, and standards have all experienced rapid development.

　　Manufacturing technology has evolved from manual or semi-mechanized production based on general equipment before the 1960s. Today, it has developed into a system that combines electromagnetic design, basic design drawings, automatic drawing of parts processing drawings with computer-aided manufacturing. It is composed of multiple CNC machines. A combination of machine tools or machining centers, equipped with corresponding conveyor systems, tool libraries, work libraries, and detection devices, form an automatic production line production method. In economically developed areas such as Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, some enterprises with strong economic strength are establishing partnerships with the world's top 500 companies. Through technical cooperation and the large-scale purchase of advanced foreign manufacturing equipment and testing equipment, we have realized an automated production method that combines computer-controlled flexible manufacturing systems and main warehouses, further narrowing the gap with developed countries and promoting the development of small-scale enterprises. The improvement of power motor manufacturing level has consolidated its position as a global manufacturing base for small power motors.

　　In recent years, NdFeB permanent magnet materials have developed rapidly, which will gradually solve the problem of no obvious breakthroughs in the main magnetic conductivity, conductivity, insulation, and structural materials used in motors, and guide the materials and components used in small power motors to move toward permanent magnets and electronic starters. direction of development, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor and reducing the size of the motor. At present, NdFeB permanent magnet materials have been widely used in automobile starters, wiper motors, brushless DC motors, etc.; my country's small-power motor standards are also gradually developing towards international standards. At present, the vast majority of my country's small-power motor-related standards Some are equivalent to or directly adopt international common standards, which provides a strong guarantee for the rapid development of my country's small-power motor industry and improved competitiveness in the global market.