"The 4th Domestic Embedded Operating System Technology and Industry Development Forum" concluded successfully

 "The 4th Domestic Embedded Operating System Technology and Industry Development Forum" concluded successfully

Embedded systems are the foundation of the electronic information industry and the core of intelligent systems. Artificial intelligence develops rapidly, and embedded operating systems play an increasing role in intelligent systems. With the rapid development of electric vehicles and intelligent connected vehicles, the domestic automobile industry is in a stage of vigorous development. The demand for automobile operating systems has surged, and the call for localization is getting louder and louder!

Many embedded systems are safety-critical systems, such as rail transit, aviation and automotive electronic equipment. Safety technology is one of the important research topics in embedded systems. With the rapid development of the Internet of Things industry, the importance of information security has been elevated to the same level of demand as functional security. Security technology research and product development of embedded operating systems as basic software have become a hot topic in recent years, represented by intelligent networked cars. Domestic high-end smart devices promote the application of high-level security software and hardware technologies.

To this end, the School of Computer Science of Beihang University, Beihang University Hangzhou Innovation Research Institute, Internet of Things Research Center of China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute, Embedded System Association, and "Single Chip Microcomputer and Embedded System Application" magazine adopt online The "Fourth Domestic Embedded Operating System Technology and Industry Development Forum and Embedded System Symposium Theme Seminar (the 28th in total)" was held in this way . This forum focuses on "building a safe and reliable industrial operating system". The organizer invites domestic experts and scholars engaged in embedded operating system research and product development to participate in keynote speeches and guest discussions at the forum to discuss hot topics such as embedded software security technology and automotive operating systems. This forum uses multiple platforms for online live broadcast. The morning meeting is hosted by Professor Niu Jianwei from the School of Computer Science, Beihang University, and the afternoon meeting is hosted by Xiao Qing, Secretary General of the Embedded Systems Association. The total online audience reaches 3,000 people! 

Forum morning topic: Embedded operating system security design-methods and practices

Latest technical challenges in embedded system security 

Dr. Li Yixiao, Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Japan

With the development of technologies such as the Internet of Things and intelligence, the complexity of software and hardware of embedded systems continues to increase, and security faces many new challenges. Dr. Li introduced that there are two problems in current embedded software development: First, there is still a bottleneck in formal verification, which is mainly applicable to core components such as kernel, driver, and hypervisor. It is difficult to meet the needs of upper-layer application development for iteration efficiency and cost control. Second, software vulnerability risks have surged and functional complexity has exploded, but potential vulnerabilities cannot be accurately assessed. As IoT devices become mainstream, vulnerability attacks are becoming increasingly easier. Therefore, vulnerability countermeasures are needed at all stages of software development. . In the report, Dr. Li introduced in detail several software vulnerability countermeasures, such as partition isolation, fuzz testing, and control flow integrity.

Limited resources are an unavoidable problem in embedded design. Dr. Li believes that MCUs also need open source virtualization technology, and introduced examples of virtualization technology for mid- to low-end MCUs and high-end automotive MCUs. When asked about the current development status of embedded systems in Japan, Dr. Li said: Japan’s embedded operating systems have been developed around MCUs for many years. In recent years, more and more people are studying Linux (Dr. Li said in the report Real-time Linux application examples are also introduced in detail).

Embedded real-time operating system for airborne avionics systems 

Researcher Cui Xining, chief technical expert of Aviation Industry Corporation of China 

Cui Xining introduced that the avionics system has gone through the development process of discrete, combined, integrated and highly integrated (IMA). Integration is the development trend of the new generation of aircraft avionics systems. While requiring improved performance and reduced costs, it also poses severe challenges to the onboard computers, causing the software scale to expand rapidly and the software to become more and more complex. Therefore, partitioned operating systems It came into being. Cui Xining introduced in detail the Tianmai embedded real-time operating system, which is a partitioned operating system with independent intellectual property rights that meets the GJB5357 standard and has been widely used in the airborne field and other related embedded fields. At present, three generations of Tianmai 1, Tianmai 2 and Tianmai 3 products have been developed. Each generation of products is developed to meet the needs of different application scenarios. So far, the CPUs supported by Tianmai operating system cover the entire PowerPC series, ARM mainstream, x86, MIPS and other architecture processors, which can meet the needs of model projects.

Formal verification of inter-process communication in microkernel operating system based on subscriber/publisher 

Associate Professor Guo Jian, East China Normal University 

Professor Guo first introduced the three types of programming models in embedded systems, including multi-threading model, event-driven model and hybrid model, and then explained the relevant content of the multi-threading model in detail. The event bus combines the multi-threading model with the publish-subscribe model to implement two programming models: multi-threading and event-driven. Professor Guo introduced the application of the EventB method to formalize the model and verification of the event bus, and proved the safety and correctness of the event bus hybrid programming model in each layer of the model.

In formal verification, knowledge such as modification, decomposition and addition, and classification of requirements are involved. Professor Guo introduced these contents in detail. Finally, through clear model description and careful refinement strategy design, the automatic verification rate of the entire work reached 91%. 

Operating system security certification 

Professor Zhao Yongwang, School of Computer and Technology, Zhejiang University

In his report, Professor Zhao mainly introduced the current status of security certification and formal verification of operating systems at home and abroad, discussed the importance of high-level security certification, and focused on the industry status and methods of CC information security certification. Finally, some practices in carrying out security certification of domestic operating systems are also introduced.

Forum afternoon theme: Automotive operating system technology and ecology

He Xiaoqing, chairman of the conference and secretary-general of the Embedded Systems Association, presided over the afternoon industry forum. He Xiaoqing pointed out: Automotive electronic systems are large-scale and complex systems. Automotive electronics is also one of the largest MCU markets in the world, accounting for about 30%. There are about 50 to 100 MCUs in traditional cars, and the number of MCUs in smart cars will double. Automotive operating systems include many different types that implement different functions. For a long time, automotive operating systems have been monopolized by overseas technology giants and industry organizations. In recent years, the United States has curbed Chinese technology. The call for localization of automotive operating systems has become louder and the demand has become increasingly urgent!

Key technologies of new generation smart car operating system 

Professor Chang Wanli from Hunan University 

The requirements for smart car operating systems include the following: car control operating systems, autonomous driving operating systems, and smart cockpit operating systems. These systems all have different real-time requirements. Generally speaking, they need to implement complex functions with limited resources, while also taking into account low cost. Power consumption and high reliability. Professor Chang’s report centered on the core of task scheduling. In the field of embedded real-time systems, the task scheduling of many applications requires determinism, so the mainstream adopts the fixed priority method, which is highly deterministic and tolerant.

Professor Chang introduced the model construction and solution methods for static optimal scheduling of DAG. For the dynamic scheduling algorithm, we start with the DAG priority allocation algorithm and explain it in detail with examples. Professor Chang suggested that the industry pay more attention to the research of DAG generators, because existing DAG generators have major flaws and cannot objectively and accurately evaluate scheduling algorithms. This is a very serious problem that neither academia nor industry has. A unified DAG generator. Professor Chang led the team to design a DAG random generator and conducted large-scale testing, and the operating results were close to optimal.

Professor Chang finally made a summary: In the vehicle environment, we often need to face complex tasks with interdependencies, so scheduling research is the core.

Cross-system integration of in-vehicle software 

Xiong Puxiang, CEO of Shanghai Ruiside Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. and founder of RT-Thread