Design and application of GPS positioning inspection system for power distribution line equipment

1. Design of GPS Positioning and Patrol System for Distribution Line Equipment

1.1 Principle of GPS Positioning Patrol System for Distribution Line Equipment

Based on the global positioning system (GPS), geographic information system (GIS), personal digital assistant (PID), and asset system safety production management subsystem platform maintenance and repair module, a distribution line equipment GPS positioning inspection system is established to locate and collect distribution line equipment coordinate data through GPS positioning function, formulate inspection routes, and realize the functions of associating fixed equipment to the location, operation instructions, positioning inspection, 100% inspection work control, and monitoring, as shown in Figure 1.

1.2 Implementation of GPS Positioning Patrol System for Distribution Line Equipment

1A2.1 GPS

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a new generation of satellite navigation and positioning system built by the United States with all-round real-time three-dimensional navigation and positioning capabilities at sea, on land, and in the air.

As shown in Figure 2, the space part, user part and control part together constitute a complete GPS positioning system.

The GPS patrol system for distribution line equipment is realized through the spatial positioning function of GPS satellites, which can effectively realize the management of "black spots" of distribution network line equipment and the supervision of patrol work quality. According to the principle of "one line, one regulation" and customized patrol routes, the asset system safety production management subsystem platform maintenance and repair module is used to collect and locate the coordinate data of distribution line equipment based on the GPS positioning function of the tablet computer, and at the same time confirm the distribution of patrol "black spots", which is convenient for formulating patrol strategies. The GPS patrol system for distribution line equipment and the GIS system exchange information and share databases. The patrol system obtains the geographical location information of the line equipment from the GIS system, and the GIS server can also obtain the equipment defect information of the GPS patrol system. Mobile phones, PID and GPS patrol systems can well meet the requirements of convenient and fast patrol records and accurate data. The GPS patrol system can also monitor the situation of not patrolling according to the patrol route, missing patrols, patrols that are not in place, not timely, and false patrol records, thereby providing effective supervision basis for management personnel, thereby achieving the purpose of improving work efficiency and management level.

1.2.2 Geographic Information System

After the required data is collected and mapped, it is input into the GIS system to generate the required distribution network line equipment map. By collecting the patrol "black spot" coordinate data, the distribution of "black spots" fed back by the GPS positioning system, the most effective and efficient patrol plan and path are formulated, and the patrol "black spot" data is input, the most suitable patrol route can be intuitively reflected in the GIS. The patrol path displayed in the GIS is split into multiple line equipment GPS coordinate points and imported into the mobile phone or PID. When patrolling the distribution network line equipment, follow the marked patrol route to patrol the line 100%, and compare the path passed with the imported coordinate points to find out whether there are patrols that are not in accordance with the route or missed patrols.

The composition of the GIS system is shown in Figure 3, which consists of the following five parts:

(1) People are the most important component of GIS. Developers must define the various tasks to be performed in GIS and develop processing programs. Skilled operators can usually overcome the deficiencies in GIS software functions, but the opposite is not true. The best software cannot make up for the negative effects of operators' ignorance of GIS.

(2) Data: Accurate and available data can affect the results of queries and analysis.

(3) Hardware: The performance of the hardware will affect the speed at which the software processes data, its ease of use, and possible output methods.

(4) Software, including GIS software and various databases, mapping, statistics, image processing and other programs.

(5) Process: GIS requires clearly defined and consistent methods to produce correct and verifiable results.

1.2.3 PDA

PDA (PerSonal Digital Assistant), also known as "palm-held computer", is a digital tool to assist personal work, mainly providing functions such as note taking, address book and itinerary arrangement. Currently, all PDAs used are Android operating systems, which can easily record on-site data, and record and upload on-site line equipment defects in real time through recording, text input, taking pictures, etc. This is different from the traditional written recording method, and can be uploaded on the spot, which is timely.

PDA plays the role of a bridge between the system and the staff in the GPS inspection of distribution network line equipment, and is an important part of the inspection system. The inspection cycle, inspection route and arrival point are solidified in the maintenance and repair module of the asset system safety production management subsystem platform, and the inspection plan and operation instructions are linked. Then the operation instructions are downloaded to the PDA, and the GPS positioning function of the tablet computer is used to locate and collect the coordinate data of the distribution line equipment, formulate "one line one procedure" and custom inspection routes, and use mobile phones, PDAs and other devices for GPS positioning inspections, implement feedback and control of on-site inspection work, and through the query function of the maintenance and repair module of the asset system safety production management subsystem platform, it is possible to grasp the statistics of the on-site inspection of distribution lines and equipment in real time, improve work efficiency, and strengthen unified operation and maintenance work. At this point, the function of the distribution network line equipment GPS positioning inspection system has been realized.

2 Application of GPS Positioning Patrol System for Distribution Line Equipment

2.1 Comparison between GPS positioning inspection system and manual inspection of distribution line equipment

By comparison (Table 1), it can be seen that the GPS positioning inspection system for distribution line equipment is more efficient, more accurate and more intelligent than traditional manual inspections.

2.2 Application prospects of the project

2.2.1 Project Applicability

The GPS positioning inspection system for distribution line equipment has universal applicability, can improve the efficiency of distribution line inspection work, and has low investment cost. The details are as follows:

(1) Low investment cost. Only simple training is required for operation and maintenance backbones to start operation. The cost of a PDA is between RMB 1,500 and 2,000. If an operation and maintenance team is equipped with 5 PDAs, a long 10kV line inspection can be completed in 2 days, and 100% inspection is completed. The average inspection time of 10kV lines can be reduced from 5 days to less than 3 days, which fully reduces the manpower and material resources required for inspection, shortens the inspection work time, and facilitates the efficient implementation of daily operation and maintenance work.

(2) Improve the level of distribution line inspection work. By formulating effective inspection routes through the GIS positioning system, we can reduce the situation of insufficient inspection and missed inspection of lines and equipment caused by manual inspection alone. By using the GPS positioning inspection function, we can achieve 100% inspection and grasp the inspection situation of the team, effectively improve the inspection rate, and at the same time eliminate the possibility that the new team members are not familiar with the terrain and cannot conduct regular inspections. The new team members can conduct line inspections on schedule through the GPS positioning system to ensure the safe operation of line equipment.

2.2.2 Economic feasibility of the project

The economic analysis of the project is shown in Table 2.

3 Conclusion

This project has universal applicability, low investment cost, simple and easy operation. Through data collection, storage, and system allocation, GPS positioning inspection of distribution line equipment can be realized, which improves work efficiency, economic benefits, and the safety and reliability of line operation. From the economic analysis in Table 2, it can be seen that the input-output ratio of this project is about 1:25 (due to the number of lines, length, terrain, etc., there may be fluctuations), with small investment and huge benefits.