As of the end of 2019, China's cumulative installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation reached 204.3GW, ranking first in the world for five consecutive years. The rapid development of photovoltaic technology has also created some new opportunities for the industry, that is, the transformation of old power stations. So, why do we need to transform old power stations, and what benefits will it bring?
Reasons for renovation of old power stations
1. Before 2015, the design and installation technology of domestic photovoltaic power stations was not very mature. Many power stations were not installed in a standardized manner, and some equipment was aging and inefficient.
2. At present, the prices of photovoltaic modules and inverters are constantly decreasing, while they are becoming more efficient, and various new technologies have emerged. The replacement of equipment can increase the power generation of power stations.
3. Currently, many power stations have begun to use intelligent robots to clean equipment. The intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance system of the inverter can scan components, quickly determine the type of component failure, track the power grid, and participate in power grid regulation, making the operation and maintenance of the power station more convenient, indirectly improving the efficiency of the technical transformation of the power station while increasing profits.
Through the technical transformation of photovoltaic power stations, first of all, the efficiency of equipment is improved and the power generation is increased; secondly, the safety of equipment is improved and the production environment is optimized; thirdly, the ability to quickly handle equipment failures is improved; fourthly, the operation and maintenance costs are reduced and the overall benefits of the power station are increased.
Benefits of transformation
Many companies have withdrawn from the rapidly developing photovoltaic industry. Components are relatively easy to replace. If damaged, they can be replaced with other brands of the same specifications without affecting the normal power generation of the system, and the price of a single component is not high. Inverters are more difficult. Once the manufacturer withdraws, the machine's software and hardware cannot be upgraded, and damage cannot be repaired: first, the manufacturer's design information cannot be found, and second, some components have been discontinued, and the cost of product maintenance is greater than buying a new machine. For example, the Golden Sun project had a total installation volume of 6.15GW in 4 years from 2009 to 2012, during which 50-500kW centralized inverters were mainly used. At present, inverters in this power range are no longer produced, and most manufacturers no longer exist. If the inverter is damaged, the maintenance cost is very high, and it may not be repaired.
The features of the Golden Sun Project are as follows: From 2009 to 2012, the power of the components was between 180W and 240W, and the current was mainly 5A and 8A. The circuit structure used a DC combiner box to combine multiple strings together. The inverter generally used a centralized inverter. The combiner box was generally placed at the component end, and the DC distribution cabinet and inverter were placed at the grid-connected end. The cable from the combiner box to the inverter has complex lines in some places, and some may even be buried underground, which requires high renovation costs.
How to transform?
Shenzhen Growatt technical service personnel have participated in the renovation of old photovoltaic power stations many times. After many site inspections and communication with R&D personnel, they modified the original HE single-channel MPPT string inverter and directly replaced the damaged centralized inverter with a string inverter. With this solution, there is no need to change the line or add other equipment. If it is a 100kW inverter, it can be replaced directly. If it is 250KW or 500kW, there is a DC distribution cabinet in front of the inverter and an isolation transformer behind it. The DC distribution cabinet, inverter, and isolation transformer can all be replaced with a new string inverter.
The new HE string inverter has DC and AC wiring as shown in the figure below. The incoming line is two PV DC cables, which can support up to 50 square copper wires. The output is 400V, and supports three-phase four-wire or three-phase three-wire. Both AC and DC are equipped with cable crimping terminals. The monitoring has an RS232 interface, which can be configured with a GPRS monitoring module, and an RS485 interface, which can be configured with monitoring devices for multiple inverters.
The new HE string inverter does not require any changes to the DC and AC lines, has the lowest equipment cost, and saves the most time in construction. It also has the following advantages:
1. HE series inverters use full power modules, which are safe and reliable, with a maximum efficiency of 99.35% and a Chinese efficiency of 98%. The efficiency of previous centralized inverters and isolation transformers was below 95%, and the new string inverters are more efficient by more than 3%, so the power generation is higher. A 500kW system can generate about 60 more degrees of electricity per day on average.
2. The inverter has various protection functions such as insulation detection, leakage current detection, grid monitoring, overcurrent protection, etc. It is equipped with a data collector, which can check the operating status of the photovoltaic system at any time, such as DC voltage, current, output power, daily power generation, etc. If a power station fails, the mobile phone APP monitoring program will be notified at the first time, shortening the maintenance time of the power station and reducing the electricity loss of the power station. These functions are not available in the previous old inverters.
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