"1+N" integrated energy service business creates a new situation for energy interconnection in Shanghai

China Energy Storage Network News : State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company resolutely implements the national deployment. Under the guidance of State Grid's "four revolutions, one cooperation" energy strategy, it fully plays the role of the power grid as a basic platform in the allocation of energy resources and vigorously promotes integrated energy. The proportion of "external" electricity and "clean" electricity continues to increase.

In 2017, State Grid Shanghai Electric Power sold 127.7 billion kWh of electricity, of which nearly 40% was from clean energy. Clean "green electricity" not only provides sufficient energy security for residents and enterprises, but also adds important impetus to Shanghai's energy transformation and upgrading.

"Coal and water" work together to optimize cities New pattern of energy supply

In 1978, at the beginning of reform and opening up, the total electricity consumption in Shanghai was 14.768 billion kWh, which was much lower than the world average. In that year, the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held, and a strategic decision was made to shift the focus to socialist economic construction. The development of Shanghai's power industry accelerated, and a number of large-capacity and high-efficiency units were successively started. The two major power plants in Yangshupu and Nanshi began to expand the heating units, greatly increasing the heating capacity of the Yangshupu area heating network. At the same time, the energy supply and heating pipelines in the Nanshi area entered the preparation stage.

Between 1985 and 1987, Shanghai raised funds to build 425,000 kilowatts of electricity. In May 1990, the Shidongkou Power Plant, which had four 300,000-kilowatt units, was completed. This was not only the first million-kilowatt thermal power plant in Shanghai, but also the largest power plant in the city at the time. By the end of 1990, there were 11 power plants in the city, with a total generating capacity of 4,686,700 kilowatts.

In 1992, Shanghai's electric power construction also sounded the rallying cry along with the development of Pudong.

In the Pudong Gaoqiao area close to the East China Sea, a number of power construction projects have been planned, including the Waigaoqiao Power Plant with a capacity of 3.6 million kilowatts and the 500 kV Yanggao Substation with a capacity of 3 million kilovolt-amperes. These projects will provide sufficient power and heat energy for the construction of the Pudong New Area into an open, multi-functional, industrially structured, scientifically and technologically advanced, and highly civilized socialist modern new area.

By the end of 1992, the total capacity of Shanghai's power generation equipment was 4.6867 million kilowatts, the annual power generation was 24.304 billion kilowatt-hours, the standard coal consumption rate for power generation was 348 grams per kilowatt-hour, the plant power consumption rate was 6.12%, the standard coal consumption rate for power supply was 371 grams per kilowatt-hour, the annual average utilization hours of power generation equipment was 5,338 hours, the line loss rate was 5.65%, and the annual heat supply was 39.54 petajoules.

At the same time, State Grid Shanghai Electric Power began to change its mindset and explore ways to break out a path for energy transformation by transforming electric boilers.

Traditional coal, oil and other fuel boilers are highly polluting, have poor reliability and low automation, and cannot meet the needs of modern metropolitan development. Shanghai Company started with the transformation of more than 100 small coal-fired boilers in Yangpu District. By actively promoting the use of electric boilers, it received strong approval and support from customers and environmental protection departments, coordinated project tracking, and finally completed the boiler transformation of more than 30 users in the area. The increase in electricity sales not only brought greater benefits to the company, but also allowed all parties to taste the sweetness of clean energy use.

With the accelerated pace of reform and opening up, the rapid development of the tertiary industry and the popularization of household appliances, Shanghai's power supply capacity is seriously insufficient. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", the State Council implemented a nationwide policy of "upgrading large and suppressing small" to reduce energy consumption, reduce pollution emissions, and reduce backward production capacity. Affected by this policy, a large number of small power plants in Shanghai have been closed one after another. On the one hand, it is difficult to build new power plants in Shanghai under various constraints; on the other hand, Shanghai's electricity consumption has been rising steadily. In 2002, Shanghai's total electricity sales were 46.585 billion kWh, and in 2012, this value reached 109.639 billion kWh, an increase of 1.35 times in ten years. In the summer of 2013, the maximum power load of Shanghai power grid broke the deadlock of "no rise in three years", soared to 29.4 million kilowatts, and a record high of 12.17% over the historical peak set in 2010. At the same time, the huge peak-to-valley difference problem has always been an indelible shadow of Shanghai power grid. On August 7, when the maximum load reached 29.4 million kilowatts, the minimum load was only 18.5 million kilowatts, and the peak-to-valley difference reached 10.9 million kilowatts. It was no longer possible for the Shanghai power grid to meet electricity needs through on-site balance.

How should State Grid Shanghai Electric Power respond? The answer is to jump out of the single coal-fired power supply mode and introduce clean hydropower from outside.

In order to introduce the rich exploitable hydropower resources in Sichuan, Tibet and Yunnan to a series of load centers in the east and central parts of China such as Shanghai, meet the needs of ultra-large capacity and ultra-long distance power transmission, and implement the important strategy of sending electricity from west to east, ultra-high voltage AC and DC transmission technology came into being.

In 1989, my country's first high-voltage direct current transmission project, the ±500kV Gezhouba to Shanghai DC project, was put into operation, with a transmission distance of 1,046 kilometers and a maximum transmission power of 1.2 million kilowatts. Since then, the proportion of coal in total energy consumption has begun to show a gradual downward trend. It can be said that the prelude to the transformation of China's energy structure has gradually begun. After that, the ±500kV Linfeng DC and Yihua DC were put into operation one after another.

In July 2010, the Xiangjiaba-Shanghai ±800 kV UHV DC power transmission demonstration project, which was independently developed, designed and constructed by my country and has the highest voltage level, the longest transmission distance, the largest transmission capacity and the most advanced technology in the world and has independent intellectual property rights, was put into operation. This "green energy channel" continuously transmits hydropower from Xiangjiaba, Sichuan to Shanghai, and the proportion of clean energy in Shanghai has officially reached the "dividing line" of 50%.

The "coal-water" partnership has solved Shanghai's urgent urban energy needs. Faced with the growing demand for energy, photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation, which stand at the forefront of scientific and technological innovation, have gradually become the focus of State Grid Shanghai Electric's exploration and research.

“Wind and solar” opens a new curtain on the city’s integrated energy structure

In September 2007, Shanghai Qianwei Solar Photovoltaic Power Station, a solar photovoltaic power generation demonstration project in my country invested and constructed by Shanghai Green Environmental Protection Energy Co., Ltd., was connected to the grid for power generation. The total capacity of the solar photovoltaic power station is 10,500 kilowatts. As of the end of August this year, the total power generation was 11,849,300 kilowatt-hours, and the total grid-connected power was 11,138,600 kilowatt-hours, saving 3,726 tons of standard coal and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 7,091 tons. This is the first megawatt-level solar photovoltaic power generation project in China to enter commercial operation, and it also makes large-scale photovoltaic power generation included in Shanghai's local power generation capacity for the first time.

At the same time, State Grid Shanghai Electric Power has tapped its own potential and focused on developing a new channel for clean energy - wind power.

From the perspective of wind power construction itself, Shanghai is located on the coast of the East China Sea. On the coastline, the wind from land to sea or from sea to land will undergo a qualitative change in wind speed after a certain distance. This distance, called "over-lead", is the most ideal location for setting up wind turbines. According to scientific estimates, Shanghai has 4.7 million kilowatts of potential wind energy resources for development at sea alone and has shallows for large-scale installation. It can be said to be "gifted". The construction of large-scale tidal flat wind farms and offshore wind farms has become a breakthrough in the development of renewable energy and the improvement of Shanghai's energy structure.

At the end of 2003, Shanghai put into operation 4 wind turbines in the Fengxian coastal area, with a total capacity of 3,400 kilowatts. In 2004, the Chongming/Nanhui wind farm with a total installed capacity of 20,000 kilowatts was also put into operation. On December 22, 2006, the Donghai Bridge 100,000-kilowatt offshore wind farm project kicked off a four-year arduous construction journey.