The development of electric vehicles cannot be separated from the energy Internet

Application of electric vehicles in energy internet

The development of electric vehicles is inseparable from the energy Internet. Since the end of February this year, the three ministries jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of "Internet +" Smart Energy", and the pilot project has been continuously promoted. The "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of "Internet +" Smart Energy" clearly puts forward 10 key tasks, among which the fifth is "Developing new models of energy storage and electric vehicle applications". The reason why electric vehicles and energy storage are put together is that they are both electricity consumption and energy storage.

Regarding the application and development of electric vehicles in the energy Internet, in Item 5, three specific tasks are proposed. The first is to develop a networked management and operation model for energy storage, that is, to encourage the integration of various types of distributed energy storage equipment, and clearly define electric vehicle charging and discharging piles as energy storage facilities; the second is to develop an intelligent charging and discharging model that coordinates the vehicle and the network, that is, to build a database of energy storage facilities, and to manage and operate a huge amount of various types of energy storage equipment through the Internet; the third is to develop a new model of new energy + electric vehicle operation, that is, to develop distributed electricity use, such as directly connecting photovoltaics and charging piles together.

The positioning of electric vehicles in the energy internet should be viewed from the characteristic layer, application layer and value layer. There are two characteristics of electric vehicle charging: load characteristics and energy storage characteristics, which can be flexibly converted. Characteristics determine applications. It is these two characteristics of electric vehicles that determine the role of electric vehicles in the energy internet - one is that electric vehicles can be used as demand-side response resources, that is, based on big data technology to integrate charging and discharging information, use time-of-use electricity prices to guide electric vehicles to fully optimize the charging and discharging time series, realize intelligent charging, and thus promote electric vehicles to participate in the demand-side response market; the second is to turn electric vehicles into mobile and distributed energy storage. Applications bring value, and the application of electric vehicles in the energy internet brings value - promoting information-physical integration, accelerating the interconnection of power grids and transportation networks, promoting the consumption of clean energy, guiding the innovation of technical systems, strengthening two-way interaction on the user side, and leading the energy internet business model.

The development of electric vehicles will go through three stages

Under the background of energy internet, the development direction and strategy of China's electric vehicles. I personally believe that the integration of electric vehicles into the energy internet will go through three stages. The first stage is to enrich the resource base, also known as the accumulation stage. On the one hand, all sectors of society promote the application of electric vehicles. For example, the number of electric vehicles will increase by 5 million by 2020, and the planning and construction of supporting facilities such as charging and swapping stations will be strengthened; on the other hand, the core technology research and development of electric vehicles will be accelerated, the performance of electric vehicles will be optimized, the core competitiveness of electric vehicles will be enhanced compared with traditional energy vehicles, and the scale of electric vehicles will be expanded, laying the foundation for participating in the energy internet.

The second stage is to participate in the electricity market. How can electric vehicles participate in the electricity market? First, they can be charged intelligently through the real-time electricity price policy. The state will provide real-time electricity prices, and consumers can charge intelligently to optimize the electricity cost of electric vehicles. At the same time, they can participate in demand response as off-peak loads, improve the load curve of the entire power grid, and promote the consumption of clean energy. Second, they can participate in the auxiliary service market with the help of the Internet platform, and provide emergency power supply, peak and frequency regulation, standby and other auxiliary services to power grids, power sales companies and end users, so as to further obtain reasonable benefits.

The third stage is to promote the integration of entities. With the deep integration of electric vehicles and the power system's generation, transmission, distribution and use, especially the emergence of electric vehicle integrated operators, it is expected to integrate the roles of different market participants such as end users, energy retailers, and network operators, thereby promoting the formation of various business models of the energy Internet.

As for the development strategy of electric vehicles, there are two types: one is the market strategy and the other is the technical strategy.

The market-level strategy is to improve the electric vehicle market. First, we must further expand the coverage of electric vehicles on the basis of existing pilot projects. Second, we must focus on accelerating the application of electric vehicles in the private sector. Third, we must optimize the market environment for electric vehicles, including consolidating brand appeal and forming a market competition pattern. Second, we must promote the participation of electric vehicles in the power and energy markets. First, we must carry out some research projects on the management, regulation and coordination mechanism of electric vehicles to form an electric vehicle management and control pattern of "decentralized layout and integrated management". Second, we must actively participate in the power market with demand response as a breakthrough, and promote the penetration and integration of electric vehicles as energy storage equipment into other links of the power system.

The technical level strategy is to further develop vehicle battery technology, study charging and swapping station planning technology, and focus on V2G technology. The connotation of V2G technology is to realize plug-and-play of electric vehicles and autonomous evaluation and analysis of the status of mobile energy storage systems through open interaction of vehicle energy analysis and user behavior, and to achieve synergy and efficiency between electric vehicles, distributed power sources, and end users through vehicle clusters and intelligent control, and promote the coordinated optimization of electric vehicles and power grids.

(The author is the director of the Energy Internet Research Center of North China Electric Power University and the chairman of the China Electric Vehicle Charging Technology and Industry Alliance. This article is based on his speech at the founding conference and the first seminar of the China Electric Vehicle Charging Technology and Industry Alliance)