Application of sensors in the automotive industry

The modern concept of "car" is undergoing a huge change, and is developing towards a safe, comfortable, convenient and pollution-free direction that can meet human needs.

Cars are driven by people and travel on roads. In this way, the trinity of people, cars and roads constitutes an organic and complete automobile transportation system. In order to meet the requirements of modern concepts, cars and their use environment must be made intelligent and high-tech. One of the high-tech support technologies for this system is sensor technology. The information required by cars is obtained by sensors. So, what are the current information needs of cars? The information required by the vehicle itself includes information for detecting the vehicle's motion state, information required for detecting the driving control state, information required for vehicle control, information required for motion environment detection, information required for abnormal state monitoring, etc.

1. Vehicle motion status information:

This type of information includes vehicle speed, acceleration, angular velocity and other parameters. They are not only the basis for various vehicle controls, but also have an impact on the driver's psychological state and driving operation. They are also important components of driving support systems and various intelligence provision systems.

2. Information on driving control status:

This type of information includes parameters such as steering, acceleration, and braking. It is important data for detecting the driver's control intention and control status.

3. Vehicle control information:

This includes various parameters such as engine control, transmission control, drive torque control, suspension control, and steering control.

4. Information on sports environment detection:

This includes parameters such as driving environment recognition and air conditioner efficacy.

5. Information on abnormal state monitoring: This

includes parameters such as the braking state of a single wheel, fuel residue, and tire pressure.

External sensors detect various information around the vehicle, such as other vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles, road shape and road wetness, weather, external light, etc., usually using ultrasound, radio waves, light waves, etc. for detection. Among them, the optical parameters of the vehicle and obstacles are extremely important, which is the basis of graphics processing technology.

When the driver is in a state of excessive fatigue, drowsiness, drinking, acute illness, etc., dangerous moments may occur at any time. Among them, the rate of traffic accidents directly caused by drowsiness is very high, so it is very important to detect the abnormal condition of the driver in time. Usually, the physiological state of the driver can be determined by detecting the driver's brain waves, eye movements, skin potential, heartbeat and exhaled gas. It can also be judged by driving manipulation.

Position measurement is the basis for providing traffic intelligence services to vehicles and realizing automatic driving. It includes measuring absolute position using on-board sensors and measuring relative position at close range using sensors such as lasers, ultrasound, infrared, etc., such as the distance between vehicles and the distance to obstacles.