An in-depth discussion on the safety performance technology of electric vehicles

As a new type of transportation, electric vehicles have always attracted much attention in terms of safety.

Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, electric vehicles have the following characteristics:

High-voltage electrical systems: Electric vehicles use high-voltage batteries and electrical systems, which pose a risk of electric shock.

Battery safety: Batteries are the core component of electric vehicles and are subject to the risk of thermal runaway.

Crash safety: The arrangement of the battery pack will affect the collision safety of the entire vehicle.

Battery safety is a top priority for electric vehicle safety.

Battery thermal runaway means that under the influence of internal or external factors, the battery undergoes a violent decomposition reaction and releases a large amount of heat, causing the temperature to rise rapidly or even explode.

Causes of battery thermal runaway include: abnormal conditions such as overcharge, over-discharge, short circuit, and external factors such as high temperature and collision.

Improving battery safety lies in materials and structures: adopting high-safety materials and structural designs, such as using ceramic coating separators, improving the strength of battery casings, etc.

Battery Management System (BMS): Strengthen the monitoring and management of the Battery Management System (BMS), such as improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the BMS, optimizing the BMS algorithm, etc.

Heat dissipation capacity: Improve the heat dissipation capacity of the battery system, such as using a liquid cooling system, increasing the heat dissipation area, etc.

Collision Safety In the event of a collision of an electric vehicle, the battery pack may be squeezed, punctured, etc., causing thermal runaway of the battery.

In order to improve collision safety, battery pack structure: Strengthen the structural strength of the battery pack, such as using high-strength materials, optimizing the structural design of the battery pack, etc.

Battery pack layout: Optimize the layout of the battery pack, such as arranging the battery pack in the middle of the car body, away from the passenger compartment, etc.

Collision automatic power-off system: Equipped with a collision automatic power-off system, the power supply to the battery system is promptly cut off in the event of a collision to prevent sparks from causing fires.

Technical Challenges In terms of electric vehicle safety, there are still some technical challenges, including: Energy density and safety: How to increase battery energy density while ensuring battery safety and stability.

The higher the energy density of the battery, the longer the driving range of the electric vehicle.

However, high energy density also means higher risks.

Battery management system: How to develop a more effective battery management system that can monitor battery status more accurately and prevent battery thermal runaway more effectively.

Crash safety technology: How to develop more effective collision safety technology that can better protect the safety of battery packs in collision accidents.

In order to meet these technical challenges, it is necessary to strengthen the research and development of electric vehicle safety technologies, including: New battery materials and structures: Develop new battery materials and structures, such as all-solid-state batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, etc.

BMS function and performance: Improve the function and performance of the battery management system, such as developing multi-functional BMS, intelligent BMS, etc.

Crash safety technology: Develop more effective crash safety technologies, such as using energy-absorbing materials, strengthening body structures, etc.

As electric vehicle technology continues to develop, the safety performance of electric vehicles will continue to improve.

In the future, electric vehicles will be able to provide a safer and more reliable travel experience and become an indispensable part of people's daily lives.