Response test of RC first-order circuit: I. Experimental purpose 1. Determine the zero input response, zero state response and complete response of the RC first-order circuit. 2. Learn the measurement method of the circuit time constant. 3. Master the concepts of differential circuits and integral circuits. 4. Further learn to observe waveforms with an oscilloscope. II. Principle description 1. The transition process of a dynamic network is a very short single change process. To observe the transition process and measure related parameters with an ordinary oscilloscope, this single change process must be repeated. For this reason, we use the square wave output of the signal generator to simulate the step excitation signal, that is, the rising edge of the square wave output is used as the positive step excitation signal of the zero state response; the falling edge of the square wave is used as the negative step excitation signal of the zero input response. As long as the repetition period of the square wave is much larger than the time constant τ of the circuit, then the circuit is stimulated by such a square wave sequence pulse signal, and its response is basically the same as the transition process of DC connection and disconnection. 2. The zero input response and zero state response of the RC first-order circuit shown in Figure 4-1 (b) decay and grow exponentially respectively, and the speed of their changes is determined by the time constant τ of the circuit. 3. Determination method of time constant τ: The waveform of zero input response measured by oscilloscope is shown in Figure 4-1 (a). According to the solution of the first-order differential equation, uc=Ume-t/RC=Ume-t/τ. When t=τ, Uc(τ)=0.368Um. The corresponding time at this time is equal to τ. It can also be measured by the time corresponding to the zero state response waveform increasing to 0.632Um, as shown in Figure 4-1 (c).
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