Design of crystal oscillator circuit Design of crystal oscillator circuit Page, 1/4 Design of crystal oscillator circuit The oscillation rate of LC type oscillator circuits such as Hartley oscillator circuit and Colpitts oscillator circuit is determined by the coil and capacitor in the circuit. This coil and capacitor do not only refer to the component values shown on the circuit diagram, but also include the L and C components contained in the printed circuit copper foil pattern of the capacitance between the electrodes of the transistor. Therefore, the change of L and C values caused by changes in temperature, power supply, etc. will also cause the oscillation frequency to change. The crystal oscillator circuit uses the natural vibration number of the piezoelectric element, so it is less susceptible to the influence of the stray L and C components in the circuit, and an oscillation circuit with good frequency stability can be obtained. Crystal... Piezoelectric element In order to improve the stability of the oscillation frequency, piezoelectric elements such as crystal or ceramic (Cer-amic) oscillator can be used. In addition to being applied to high-frequency oscillation circuits, it can also be used in reference time generation circuits such as clocks and counters. Piezoelectric elements use the mutual conversion between mechanical vibration and electrical vibration, and their natural vibration number is determined by geometric dimensions. Figure 25 shows the electrical characteristics of the crystal. (The frequency can be made more stable by using an oscillator. The oscillation range is between the series resonance point fs and the parallel resonance point fp.) Figure (a) shows its equivalent circuit, and Figure (b) shows its reactance characteristics. fs is the series resonance frequency point fp is the parallel resonance frequency point, and their resonant frequencies are as follows:, Comparing the crystal with the ceramic oscillator, the inductance range of the ceramic oscillator fs~fp is dozens of times that of the crystal. Therefore, the frequency stability of the ceramic oscillator is worse than that of the crystal. Using the Pierce Oscillator Circuit The oscillation circuit constructed by the crystal oscillator circuit is called the Pierce Oscillator Circuit. This Pierce Oscillator circuit uses the inductive reactance of the crystal. This inductive (L-type) part is regarded as a coil, which can be applied...
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