GPON FEC Receiver Design Challenges: Should I Choose APD or FEC Technology in the ONT? This is a multi-million dollar question that many GPON system manufacturers are concerned about. Gigabit Passive Optical Networks (GPON) are a key consideration for delivering Triple-Play services (video, voice and data) to homes across North America and the rest of the world. There is much debate over whether the best solution is to use an Avalanche Photodiode (APD) receiver or a standard receiver with forward error correction (FEC) to meet link budget and cost targets at the customer end (ONT - Optical Network Terminal). Given the expected volume of GPON deployments, this is a multi-million dollar question that can result in millions of dollars in gains or losses due to different bill of materials, testing costs or time to market. Receivers using APDs can easily meet sensitivity requirements, but at a higher cost. APDs are expensive and require high voltage biasing and temperature compensation. Although FEC encoding and decoding adds some cost and complexity, it is generally considered to be much cheaper than APD solutions. However, the design challenges and the resulting complexity and cost increases are often overlooked when designing FEC-based GPON receivers.
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