This book is intended for web developers, webmasters, and anyone who wants to understand how Internet technologies work. This book aims to provide a complete description of HTTP/2, as well as the technical details involved. Although there are a large number of blogs and articles on the subject, most of them are either cursory or detailed introductions to specific topics. This book will detail the entire protocol and its many complex features to help readers read and understand the specification, as well as some in-depth articles. HTTP/2 was created primarily to improve performance, so anyone interested in web performance optimization will gain useful knowledge from this book. In addition, the book contains many references for further reading. The book has 10 chapters in 4 parts. Part 1 explains why you should upgrade to HTTP/2 and how to upgrade. • Chapter 1 provides some background knowledge that even those with only a basic understanding of the Internet should be able to grasp. • Chapter 2 discusses the problems with HTTP/1.1 and why HTTP/2 is needed. • Chapter 3 describes how to enable HTTP/2 for a website, as well as some of the complex issues that arise in the process. Appendix A supplements the content in this chapter with installation instructions for popular web servers Apache, Nginx, and IIS. Starting from Part 2, we will gradually go deeper into the protocol itself and its impact on web development practices. • Chapter 4 introduces the basics of the HTTP/2 protocol, how to establish an HTTP/2 connection, and the basic format of HTTP/2 frames. • Chapter 5 introduces HTTP/2 push, which is a new feature of the protocol that allows the server to actively send resources that the browser has not yet requested. • Chapter 6 introduces the impact of HTTP/2 on web development practices. Part 3 introduces the deeper technologies of the protocol, which web developers and web server administrators may not be able to control at present. • Chapter 7 introduces concepts such as flow state, flow control, and priority policy in the HTTP/2 specification, as well as the consistency differences of HTTP/2 in specific implementations. • Chapter 8 delves into the HPACK protocol, which is used for HTTP header compression in HTTP/2. Part 4 looks at the future of HTTP. • Chapter 9 introduces TCP, QUIC, and HTTP/3. The pace of technological change will never stop, and developers are now looking for ways to improve HTTP/2. This chapter discusses the inefficiencies that HTTP/2 has not solved and how to improve them in the subsequent version (HTTP/3). • Chapter 10 introduces other ways to improve HTTP besides HTTP/3, including reflections on the problems that arose during the HTTP/2 standardization process and the impact of these problems in real-world applications. After reading this book, readers should have a good grasp of HTTP/2 and related technologies, a deeper understanding of Web performance optimization, and be prepared for the future release of QUIC and HTTP/3.
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