Measuring GSM CDMA Signals with a Spectrum Analyzer Measuring GSM CDMA Signals with a Spectrum Analyzer Measuring GSM Signals Modern, highly developed communications technology allows people to control spectrum analyzers from anywhere on the planet, so it is even more important to understand the effects of different parameter settings and different signal conditions on the displayed results. A typical measurement of a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) signal is shown in Figure 1, which clearly indicates the important control parameter settings and measurement results. The IFR2399 spectrum analyzer uses color cursors to highlight the measurement area. In this example, the highlighted measurement area is the central 50kHz band of the occupied channel and the two adjacent channels above and below. The horizontal axis (frequency axis) of the display has a center frequency of 900MHz, a sweep bandwidth of 1MHz, and each small grid represents 100kHz. The top horizontal line represents 0dBm, and each vertical grid represents 10dB. The signal has been attenuated by 10dB, and the power level displayed by the measurement has taken this attenuation into account. [pic] Figure 1 GSM channel bandwidth display and power measurement GSM is transmitted in two 25MHz bandwidths: 890MHz to 915MHz from the mobile transmitter to the base station, and 935MHz to 960MHz from the base station to the mobile receiver. This frequency band is subdivided into multiple 200kHz channels, and the center frequency of the 50th mobile transmission channel is 900MHz, as shown in Figure 1. The signal is obviously an unmodulated carrier because its spectrum is very narrow. In actual use, a GSM burst only occupies a little more than 200kHz of the channel bandwidth. According to the GSM standard, when sending a single channel burst, the time slot lasts 0.58ms, and the channel frequency changes slowly at a rate of 217 times per second. Combined with the 1.3s scanning time of the sweeper, it can be determined that this is a static test without time and frequency jumps. There is no indication that the 900MHz signal is an intermittent signal. In order to ensure good clarity, a 1kHz resolution bandwidth (RBW) filter is selected. The shape factor of the analog filters in newer spectrum analyzers is 11 (3dB:60dB), meaning that the bandwidth of the filter at 60dB (60dB attenuation from the peak) is 11 times the bandwidth of the filter at 3dB (3dB attenuation from the peak)...
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