Calculation of large electrolytic capacitors for primary filtering of switching power supplies Large electrolytic capacitors for primary filtering of switching power supplies The switching power supply determines the primary filter capacitor, which mainly affects the performance parameters of the power supply, namely the output low-frequency AC ripple and the hold time. The larger the filter capacitor, the higher the Vin (min) on the capacitor, and the higher the power supply can output, but the relative price is also increased. Input electrolytic capacitor calculation method (example): 1. Because the output voltage is 12V and the output current is 2A, the output power is: Pout=Vo*Io=12.0V*2A=24W. 2. Assuming the conversion efficiency of the transformer is about 80%, the input power of the power supply with an output power of 24W is: Pin=Pout/efficiency=[pic].3. Since the minimum input AC voltage is 90VAC, the DC output voltage is: Vin=90*[pic]=127Vdc, so the load DC current is: I=[pic] =[pic](If the power supply level requirement is higher, the following parameters can be considered for calculation; since the minimum input AC voltage is 90VAC, the minimum output DC voltage is: Vin(min)=90*[pic]-30(DC ripple voltage)=97Vdc, so the maximum load DC current is: IMAX=[pic]=[pic])4. The design allows a DC ripple voltage of 30VPP [pic], and the capacitor needs to maintain the voltage for half a cycle t (that is, the half-cycle of the power frequency AC voltage is about 8ms, T=[pic]=[pic]=0.0167S=16.7 ms) then: C=[pic]62uH is between 47-82uH, which is a common capacitor. Considering the cost, the actual capacitance is 47uF. 5. Since the maximum input AC voltage is 264Vac, the maximum DC voltage is: V=264*[pic]=373VDC. The actual general-purpose electrolytic capacitor with a withstand voltage of 400Vdc is selected. At this voltage level, the capacitor has a 95% margin. 6. The ripple current value of the capacitor determines the temperature rise of the capacitor, and then determines the life of the capacitor. (The maximum ripple current value of the capacitor is related to its volume and material. The larger the volume, the better the heat dissipation and the higher the ripple current value) Therefore, when selecting a capacitor, it is necessary to consider that the actual ripple current value is less than the maximum ripple current value of the capacitor. 7. The temperature rise of switching source components is generally high, and 105℃ capacitors are usually selected. In special circumstances where the temperature rise cannot be overcome, it can be used...
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