Filter Design [Classic] Introduction A filter is a two-port network. It has the characteristic of selecting frequency, that is, it can allow certain frequencies to pass smoothly, while blocking other frequencies. At present, due to the increasing prevalence of multi-frequency work in radar, microwave, communication and other departments, the requirements for separation frequency have also increased accordingly; so a large number of filters are needed. In addition, the application of microwave solid devices has also promoted the development of filters. Devices such as parametric amplifiers, microwave solid multipliers, and microwave solid mixers all work at multiple frequencies and require corresponding filters. Moreover, with the rapid development of integrated circuits, the composition of electronic circuits has completely changed in recent years, and electronic equipment has become increasingly miniaturized. The LC filter, which was originally indispensable for processing analog signals, will gradually be replaced by active filters and ceramic filters in the low-frequency part. Many new filters have also appeared in the high-frequency part, such as spiral oscillator filters, microstrip filters, interdigital filters, etc. Although their design methods have their own special features, these design methods are still based on the low-frequency \"comprehensive filter design\" and then evolved from it. The waveguide filter we are going to talk about is an example. Through the study of this part, I hope everyone will have some understanding of the application of complex variable functions in filter synthesis. At the same time, I also explain to everyone: Even if it seems a simple thing or a simple device at first glance, when you study it in depth, many unexpected problems will arise. Solving these problems and expressing them in mathematical form is our task. The deeper one studies things, the more questions one can raise, or it can be said that the more problems one can solve. The example of microwave filters can illustrate this situation very well. We constantly \"break the whole problem into parts\", and then solve them one by one, and finally put them together to solve the big problem. This lecture has not yet analyzed each problem in detail, so you can see the importance of raising questions. I hope everyone will try it. §1-1 Basic concepts of filters [pic] Figure 1 The dotted box in Figure 1 is a two-port composed of reactive elements L and C. Its input port 1...
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