This paper analyzes the current development status of high-precision seismic exploration data acquisition systems, studies the A/D method and theory of data acquisition, the development and principle of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology, and the principle and implementation of serial communication. On this basis, the paper discusses the implementation ideas of using FPGA to control 24-bit △∑ analog-to-digital converters to achieve high-precision seismic exploration data acquisition systems, and makes detailed research on the signal A/D conversion of the detection sensor or detector back-end data acquisition system, FPGA and external interface design, and serial data communication. In particular, in-depth development and design are made on the use of FPGA to complete the interface control with the external ADC. The entire interface control module is written in VHDL language, and digital logic modules such as ROM and FIFO are integrated into a FPGA chip at the same time. It has passed the software simulation on the development platform of Quartus Ⅱ6.0, and the timing simulation results meet the system requirements.
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