By using the communication network (Global Digital Mobile Communication Network GSM, Public Telephone Network PSTN, Public Digital Data Network DDN) that has covered more than 98% of the urban and rural areas of the country for hybrid networking and computer networks with emerging new technologies, a distributed, real-time, and dynamically expandable urban and rural environmental monitoring network system is constructed. The system consists of on-site detection units and monitoring centers. The system can monitor various parameters of urban and rural environments, and can also conduct real-time tracking and monitoring of major pollutants. Entering the new century, with the continuous improvement of the environmental awareness of the whole people and the new development trend of environmental problems, how to maximize the early warning and rapid response capabilities of the entire monitoring system and social monitoring network, and prevent and promptly deal with environmental pollution accidents and disasters. Scientific environmental management requires the modernization of environmental monitoring. Automatic monitoring is an effective means of monitoring environmental quality and pollution source changes that is internationally accepted, and the use of automatic monitoring means can grasp the actual situation of the spatial and temporal distribution of environmental quality and pollution source emissions in real time, dynamically, and scientifically. This paper uses computer remote communication and control technology, as well as communication networks (public telephone network PSTN, public digital data network DDN, global digital mobile communication network GSM) that have covered more than 98% of urban and rural areas in the country for hybrid networking (to meet the application requirements of different occasions) and computer networks with emerging new technologies and control technology to connect independent and scattered environmental detection points, and build a distributed, real-time, dynamically expandable urban and rural (regional) environmental real-time monitoring network system with urban and rural environmental monitoring agencies as the center. It realizes automatic contact monitoring of water, atmosphere, pollution sources, etc., completes real-time collection, over-limit alarm, dynamic display, archiving, summary and printing of environmental indexes, accurately and timely records and grasps the environmental conditions of cities (regions), prevents and promptly discovers pollution accidents, completes the collection, analysis and evaluation of various environmental information such as environmental pollution monitoring and investigation statistics, improves the level of environmental supervision, provides technical support for environmental decision-making management, and implements technical supervision for environmental law enforcement.
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