Reducing RF Power Consumption in CDMA/WCDMA Cellular Phones Reducing RF Power Consumption in CDMA/WCDMA Cellular Phones Abstract: By controlling the supply voltage of the radio frequency (RF) power amplifier (PA) in CDMA/WCDMA cellular phones, PA efficiency can be improved, heat generation can be reduced, and the phone\'s talk/data exchange time can be effectively extended. In order to meet the stringent linearity and adjacent channel power rejection ratio (ACPR) specifications specified in the IS95/3GPP spread spectrum standards, CDMA/WCDMA wireless phones require highly linear Class A or Class AB RF power amplifiers. At the maximum output power Po = 28dBm, the power efficiency (PAE) of such PAs is only 35%, and the power efficiency is even lower at lower output powers. In voice mode, the PA does not operate in continuous mode. When the user is not talking, the phone operates for 50% or 1/8 of the time, so there is no need to worry about phone heating in voice mode. However, in data mode, the PA remains in continuous operation until the data transmission is completed. The low PA efficiency and continuous PA operation will consume a lot of battery energy. In addition, the resulting internal power consumption will cause the phone to overheat. For early WCDMA mobile phones, in order to support high-speed data transmission services, power dissipation became a key issue. Designers had to use a larger area to improve heat dissipation conditions, enhance air circulation to cool the device, and also select a larger capacity (larger size) battery. If the above problems are not overcome, the current mobile phones may still remain at the \"bulky\" level. Fortunately, in recent years, due to the improvement of CDMA/WCDMA cellular phone PA efficiency, the above problems have been greatly improved. How to reduce PA power consumption? In CDMA/WCDMA systems, the RF output power of the PA is not always maintained at the maximum value. In order to optimize the cellular capacity (the amount of transmission that the base station can handle simultaneously), each mobile phone needs to control its RF output power so that the base station maintains the same effective received signal-to-noise ratio for each mobile phone. From the probability distribution of the average output power of most mobile phones in a given area, the average output power of CDMA/WCDMA mobile phones in suburbs is +10dBm, and the average output power in the city is +5dBm. Therefore, the goal of improving PA efficiency should be positioned at +5dBm to +10dBm, rather than the maximum output power. As shown in Figure 1, the CDMA/WCDMA power amplifier requires two power supply voltages...
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