Solar power generation has developed rapidly in today\'s world energy crisis and has become one of the mainstreams of new energy. As the main energy conversion device, the performance of the inverter directly affects the efficiency of the entire photovoltaic system. This paper adopts a dual-loop control strategy of voltage outer loop and current inner loop to ensure that the system has a fast dynamic response speed and a small steady-state error. To this end, the paper mainly analyzes and studies the system\'s circuit topology, mathematical model, control method, and FPGA-based software implementation method. This paper first compares several common mathematical model analysis methods and selects a mathematical modeling method suitable for this paper. The topology of the inverter is given in this paper, and its working principle is discussed in detail. The equivalent circuit of the inverter under different working conditions is analyzed, and the state space averaging method is used to establish the inverter mathematical model and determine the parameters of the main components. Subsequently, several popular inverter circuit control methods are compared and analyzed. The voltage and current dual-loop control algorithm based on SPWM control adopted in this paper has the advantages of fixed switching frequency, clear physical meaning, and convenient implementation, ensuring that the system has a small steady-state error and a fast dynamic response speed. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of several maximum power tracking algorithms, an improved maximum power tracking algorithm is finally given to ensure the maximum power output of the system. Finally, the design of the system control scheme is realized by FPGA. The test results of the whole machine show that the performance indicators of the inverter basically meet the design requirements, verifying the effectiveness of the mathematical model and control strategy and the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical analysis.
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