Introduction to satellite live broadcast technology: Several basic concepts of satellite broadcasting services Satellite broadcasting service (BSS-Broadcasting-satellite service) Satellite fixed service (FSS-Fixed-satellite service) Direct broadcast satellite (DBS-Direct broadcasting satellite) Direct to home (DTH-Direct to home) The first stage of the development of satellite live broadcast service: Starting in the 1970s, the experimental stage. The second stage: Starting in the 1980s, the United States and Europe began to try live broadcast satellite services, mostly using FSS, but did not achieve commercial success. The third stage, starting in the 1990s, the development stage. Hughes Corporation of the United States took the lead in launching commercial digital live broadcast satellite systems. In the late 1990s, it entered its golden age. The satellite live broadcast systems in the United States, Japan and other countries were large in scale and technologically advanced. Characteristics of satellite live broadcast Wide coverage area: generally not affected by geographical obstacles. Strong transmission capacity: using digital compression and statistical multiplexing technology. High signal quality: digital direct to home, with fewer intermediate links. Easy reception: using Ku-band high-power satellites, small receiving antenna aperture, and simple receiving equipment. Improved user management: Adopting conditional access (CA) technology to achieve real-time and effective management and service for users. Strong comprehensive application capability: It can provide comprehensive services such as high-speed data, graphics, and interactive services. Introduction to my country\'s satellite live broadcast service plan Overview of China\'s broadcast satellite service ITU planning At the ITU World Radiocommunication Conference in 2000 (WRC-2000), the satellite broadcast service (BBS) in Regions 1 and 3 was re-planned, and the relevant BSS regulations and technical standards were reviewed and revised. China belongs to Region 3. In the new plan, China has 4 planned orbital positions: 62E, 92.2E, 122E, and 134E. Among them, an independent beam was obtained for the Macao Special Administrative Region, which is located at 122 degrees east longitude together with the Hong Kong beam. At the 92.2E orbital position, the planned uplink frequency is 17.3 GHz -17.8GHz, and the downlink frequency is 11.7 GHz -12.2GHz. Introduction to my country\'s satellite live broadcast service plan Application work to the ITU Orbit According to the requirements of the ITU, my country\'s radio and television departments have reported to the ITU in early 2003 the 92.2E orbital position broadcast satellite ITU application modification information. The satellite beam covers China and neighboring countries and regions. The satellite polarization is linear or circular polarization. The satellite transponders are 4 54MHz transponders and 18 36MHz transponders. Introduction to my country\'s satellite live broadcast service plan Overview of China\'s ITU planning for broadcast satellite services At the ITU World Radiocommunication Conference in 2000 (WRC-2000), the satellite broadcasting services (BBS) in Regions 1 and 3 were replanned, and the relevant BSS regulations and technical standards were reviewed and revised. China belongs to Region 3. In the new plan, China has 4 planned orbital positions: 62E, 92.2E, 122E, and 134E. Among them, an independent beam was secured for the Macao Special Administrative Region, which is located at 122 degrees east longitude together with the Hong Kong beam. At the orbital position of 92.2E, the planned uplink frequency is 17.3 GHz -17.8GHz, and the downlink frequency is 11.7 GHz -12.2GHz. Introduction to my country\'s satellite live broadcast business plan Satellite preparation status The space segment of the national live broadcast satellite system includes two satellites, namely SINOSAT-2 broadcast satellite and ChinaSat 9 broadcast satellite. The two satellites will be developed in accordance with the requirements of the same frequency, same orbital position, same coverage and same capacity, and both will be placed at 92.2E. SINOSAT-2 is scheduled to be launched in the second half of 2006, and ChinaSat 9 will be launched in 2007. Satellite live broadcast system composition From the perspective of technical composition, the live broadcast satellite system can be divided into space segment and ground segment. The space segment is the satellite (including the ground monitoring system) and the ground segment can be divided into the front end, ground transmission, earth station, and receiving end (antenna and receiver). Satellite live broadcast system space segment satellite: The important performance of the current internationally mature live broadcast satellite is: Working frequency band: Ku band (live broadcast satellite or fixed satellite service frequency band) Power supply for payload: 8~10kW Traveling wave tube amplifier output power: 120/240W (single tube/parallel) Number of traveling wave tube amplifiers 40~50 (including non-online standby) On-orbit life: 12~16 years Advantages of live broadcast satellites for broadcasting and television The transponder has high power: generally 120W or 240W, the downlink EIRP can reach about 60dBW, and the ground field strength is evenly distributed. It is less affected by ground frequency interference (FSS band is susceptible to ground microwave interference). It is protected by international conventions in the coverage area and is less affected by interference from other satellite waves.
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