As a kind of energy storage device, battery is widely used in various sectors of the national economy. In recent years, the electric vehicle industry has developed rapidly. For pure electric vehicles, battery is the only power source. Regular full charge and discharge maintenance is required to improve battery performance and measure the actual ampere-hour of the battery. Battery charging and discharging technology is born with battery and is closely related to the development and application of battery. The performance of charging and discharging system directly affects the technical status and service life of battery and determines the degree of pollution to the power grid during discharge. At present, high-power battery charging and discharging system still widely adopts thyristor phase shift control technology. This technology has the advantages of mature technology and low price, but the power factor on the grid side is low and the pollution to the grid is large. Eliminating harmonic pollution of the grid and improving the power factor are one of the major research topics in the field of power electronics. The system designed for high-power lithium-ion battery charging and discharging in this paper adopts the structure of voltage-type PWM rectifier and bidirectional DC/DC converter. While realizing the bidirectional flow of energy, it realizes the sinusoidal control of the current waveform on the grid side, which has the advantages of energy saving and low pollution to the grid. This paper designs the main circuit parameters and simulates them in MATLAB/Simulink environment. This paper also proposes a complete design scheme of hardware and software for a bidirectional DC/DC converter control board and controller based on MC9S12D64. The charging adopts a control strategy that combines constant current charging and constant voltage charging to achieve single cell voltage control, improving the charging and discharging control performance and safety. The test results of the charging and discharging system prototype show that when fully loaded, the system efficiency is above 80%, the power factor is above 99%, and the harmonic content is below 5%, which meets the design requirements and verifies the feasibility of the system design.
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