Symbol timing recovery (bit synchronization) technology is a key technology in digital communication. The jitter and misalignment of the bit synchronization signal itself will directly reduce the anti-interference performance of the communication equipment, increase the bit error rate, and even completely destroy the transmission. Especially for burst transmission systems, fast and accurate timing synchronization algorithms have been a focus of research in recent years. This paper is based on the Inmarsat GES/AES data receiving system, and studies the bit synchronization method in the full digital receiver under the burst communication transmission mode and implements it. This paper systematically discusses the principle of bit synchronization, and on this basis focuses on the system structure of bit synchronization, the symbol timing recovery algorithm, and various indicators for measuring system performance, laying the foundation for subsequent work. First, according to the characteristics of satellite system burst channel transmission, the shortcomings of traditional bit synchronization methods in burst systems are analyzed. Next, the modulation method and frame structure of the short burst R channel and long burst T channel of the Inmarsat system are carefully analyzed, and simulated in Agilent ADS. On this basis, a fast header clock capture method consisting of sliding average, threshold judgment and accumulation for extreme value is proposed, which makes full use of the header leading bit information. This method can quickly and accurately complete the bit synchronization in the short burst form and is implemented on FPGA with good results. After the header clock is captured in the long burst form, it is also necessary to track the subsequent data in bit synchronization. During the tracking process, this paper first uses DSP Builder to implement the bit synchronization algorithm of the interpolation loop, and performs Matlab simulation and FPGA implementation. And based on the interpolation loop, improvements are made, and a new and efficient bit synchronization scheme based on the shift algorithm is proposed and implemented on FPGA. Finally, the performance of the shift algorithm is compared with the interpolation algorithm, proving that the algorithm is more suitable for the bit synchronization tracking of the long burst channel of Inmarsat in this project. The paper conducts the entire process of theoretical research, algorithm design and hardware implementation of the bit synchronization system of the two burst channels to meet the system requirements.
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