PIC16F870/871
28/40-Pin 8-Bit CMOS FLASH Microcontrollers
Devices Included in this Data Sheet:
• PIC16F870
• PIC16F871
Pin Diagram
PDIP
MCLR/V
PP
/THV
RA0/AN0
RA1/AN1
RA2/AN2/V
REF
-
RA3/AN3/V
REF
+
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/AN4
RE0/RD/AN5
RE1/WR/AN6
RE2/CS/AN7
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI
RC2/CCP1
RC3
RD0/PSP0
RD1/PSP1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
RB7/PGD
RB6/PGC
RB5
RB4
RB3/PGM
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7/RX/DT
RC6/TX/CK
RC5
RC4
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
Microcontroller Core Features:
• High-performance RISC CPU
• Only 35 single word instructions to learn
• All single cycle instructions except for program
branches which are two cycle
• Operating speed: DC - 20 MHz clock input
DC - 200 ns instruction cycle
• 2K x 14 words of FLASH Program Memory
128 x 8 bytes of Data Memory (RAM)
64 x 8 bytes of EEPROM Data Memory
• Pinout compatible to the PIC16CXXX 28 and 40-
pin devices
• Interrupt capability (up to 11 sources)
• Eight level deep hardware stack
• Direct, indirect and relative addressing modes
• Power-on Reset (POR)
• Power-up Timer (PWRT) and
Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST)
• Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC
oscillator for reliable operation
• Programmable code-protection
• Power saving SLEEP mode
• Selectable oscillator options
• Low-power, high-speed CMOS FLASH/EEPROM
technology
• Fully static design
• In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP) via two
pins
• Single 5V In-Circuit Serial Programming capability
• In-Circuit Debugging via two pins
• Processor read/write access to program memory
• Wide operating voltage range: 2.0V to 5.5V
• High Sink/Source Current: 25 mA
• Commercial and Industrial temperature ranges
• Low-power consumption:
- < 1.6 mA typical @ 5V, 4 MHz
- 20
µA
typical @ 3V, 32 kHz
- < 1
µA
typical standby current
Peripheral Features:
• Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit prescaler
• Timer1: 16-bit timer/counter with prescaler,
can be incremented during sleep via external
crystal/clock
• Timer2: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit period
register, prescaler and postscaler
• One Capture, Compare, PWM module
- Capture is 16-bit, max. resolution is 12.5 ns
- Compare is 16-bit, max. resolution is 200 ns
- PWM max. resolution is 10-bit
• 10-bit multi-channel Analog-to-Digital converter
• Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter (USART/SCI) with 9-bit address
detection
• Parallel Slave Port (PSP) 8-bits wide, with
external RD, WR and CS controls (40/44-pin only)
• Brown-out detection circuitry for
Brown-out Reset (BOR)
©
1999 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
PIC16F871
DS30569A-page 1
PIC16F870/871
Pin Diagrams
DIP, SOIC, SSOP
MCLR/V
PP
/THV
RA0/AN0
RA1/AN1
RA2/AN2/V
REF
-
RA3/AN3/V
REF
+
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/AN4
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI
RC2/CCP1
RC3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
RB7/PGD
RB6/PGC
RB5
RB4
RB3/PGM
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RC7/RX/DT
RC6/TX/CK
RC5
RC4
RA3/AN3/V
REF
+
RA2/AN2/V
REF
-
RA1/AN1
RA0/AN0
MCLR/V
PP
/THV
NC
RB7/PGD
RB6/PGC
RB5
RB4
NC
6
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
9
PIC16F870
PLCC
TQFP
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
RC6/TX/CK
RC5
RC4
RD3/PSP3
RD2/PSP2
RD1/PSP1
RD0/PSP0
RC3
RC2/CCP1
RC1/T1OSI
NC
NC
NC
RB4
RB5
RB6/PGC
RB7/PGD
MCLR/V
PP
/THV
RA0/AN0
RA1/AN1
RA2/AN2/V
REF
-
RA3/AN3/V
REF
+
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
RC7/RX/DT
RD4/PSP4
RD5/PSP5
RD6/PSP6
RD7/PSP7
V
SS
V
DD
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3/PGM
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
PIC16F871
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
NC
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
OSC2/CLKOUT
OSC1/CLKIN
V
SS
V
DD
RE2/AN7/CS
RE1/AN6/WR
RE0/AN5/RD
RA5/AN4
RA4/T0CKI
DS30569A-page 2
Preliminary
RC1/T1OSI
RC2/CCP1
RC3
RD0/PSP0
RD1/PSP1
RD2/PSP2
RD3/PSP3
RC4
RC5
RC6/TX/CK
NC
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
282
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/AN4
RE0/RD/AN5
RE1/WR/AN6
RE2/CS/AN7
V
DD
V
SS
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
RC0/T1OSO/T1CK1
NC
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
PIC16F871
RB3/PGM
RB2
RB1
RB0/INT
V
DD
V
SS
RD7/PSP7
RD6/PSP6
RD5/PSP5
RD4/PSP4
RC7/RX/DT
©
1999 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F870/871
Key Features
PICmicro™ Mid-Range Reference Manual (DS33023)
Operating Frequency
Resets (and Delays)
FLASH Program Memory
(14-bit words)
Data Memory (bytes)
EEPROM Data Memory
Interrupts
I/O Ports
Timers
Capture/Compare/PWM modules
Serial Communications
Parallel Communications
10-bit Analog-to-Digital Module
Instruction Set
PIC16F870
DC - 20 MHz
POR, BOR
(PWRT, OST)
2K
128
64
10
Ports A,B,C
3
1
USART
—
5 input channels
35 Instructions
PIC16F871
DC - 20 MHz
POR, BOR
(PWRT, OST)
2K
128
64
11
Ports A,B,C,D,E
3
1
USART
PSP
8 input channels
35 Instructions
©
1999 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS30569A-page 3
PIC16F870/871
Table of Contents
1.0 Device Overview ................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.0 Memory Organization.......................................................................................................................................... 11
3.0 I/O Ports .............................................................................................................................................................. 27
4.0 Data EEPROM and FLASH Program Memory.................................................................................................... 39
5.0 Timer0 Module .................................................................................................................................................... 47
6.0 Timer1 Module .................................................................................................................................................... 51
7.0 Timer2 Module .................................................................................................................................................... 55
8.0 Capture/Compare/PWM Module ......................................................................................................................... 57
9.0 Addressable Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART) ........................................ 63
10.0 Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D) Module........................................................................................................... 79
11.0 Special Features of the CPU............................................................................................................................... 89
12.0 Instruction Set Summary ................................................................................................................................... 105
13.0 Development Support ....................................................................................................................................... 113
14.0 Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................................................................... 119
15.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables................................................................................................ 135
16.0 Packaging Information ...................................................................................................................................... 137
Index .......................................................................................................................................................................... 145
On-Line Support .......................................................................................................................................................... 151
Reader Response ....................................................................................................................................................... 152
Product Identification System...................................................................................................................................... 153
To Our Valued Customers
Most Current Data Sheet
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An errata sheet may exist for current devices, describing minor operational differences (from the data sheet) and recommended
workarounds. As device/documentation issues become known to us, we will publish an errata sheet. The errata will specify the revi-
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To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please check with one of the following:
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When contacting a sales office or the literature center, please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include liter-
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Corrections to this Data Sheet
We constantly strive to improve the quality of all our products and documentation. We have spent a great deal of time to ensure
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We appreciate your assistance in making this a better document.
DS30569A-page 4
Preliminary
©
1999 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC16F870/871
1.0
DEVICE OVERVIEW
This document contains device-specific information.
Additional information may be found in the PICmicro™
Mid-Range Reference Manual, (DS33023), which may
be obtained from your local Microchip Sales Represen-
tative or downloaded from the Microchip website. The
Reference Manual should be considered a comple-
mentary document to this data sheet, and is highly rec-
ommended reading for a better understanding of the
device architecture and operation of the peripheral
modules.
There are two devices (PIC16F870 and PIC16F871)
covered by this data sheet. The PIC16F870 device
comes in a 28-pin package and the PIC16F871 device
comes in a 40-pin package. The 28-pin device does not
have a Parallel Slave Port implemented.
The following two figures are device block diagrams
sorted by pin number; 28-pin for Figure 1-1 and 40-pin
for Figure 1-2. The 28-pin and 40-pin pinouts are listed
in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2, respectively.
FIGURE 1-1:
Device
PIC16F870
PIC16F870 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Program
FLASH
2K
Data Memory
128 Bytes
Data
EEPROM
64 Bytes
13
Program Counter
FLASH
Program
Memory
8 Level Stack
(13-bit)
Program
Bus
14
Instruction reg
Direct Addr
7
Data Bus
8
PORTA
RA0/AN0
RA1/AN1
RA2/AN2/V
REF
-
RA3/AN3/V
REF
+
RA4/T0CKI
RA5/AN4
PORTB
RB0/INT
RB1
RB2
RB3/PGM
RB4
RB5
RB6/PGC
RB7/PGD
RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
RC1/T1OSI
RC2/CCP1
RC3
RC4
RC5
RC6/TX/CK
RC7/RX/DT
RAM
File
Registers
RAM Addr (1)
9
Addr MUX
8
Indirect
Addr
FSR reg
STATUS reg
8
3
PORTC
Power-up
Timer
Instruction
Decode &
Control
Timing
Generation
OSC1/CLKIN
OSC2/CLKOUT
Oscillator
Start-up Timer
Power-on
Reset
Watchdog
Timer
Brown-out
Reset
In-Circuit
Debugger
Low-Voltage
Programming
8
MUX
ALU
W reg
MCLR
V
DD
, V
SS
Timer0
Timer1
Timer2
10-bit A/D
Data EEPROM
CCP1
USART
Note 1:
Higher order bits are from the STATUS register.
©
1999 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS30569A-page 5
Analogue and Mixed Signal
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